Vol 13 No 1 (2021)

COVID 19 merupakan fenomena pandemi baru yang mempengaruhi tatanan kehidupan masyarakat dan pemerintahan. Perkembangan penyebaran yang tidak dapat diprediksi dan kecenderungan trend yang terus meningkat menjadi tantangan dalam penanganannya. Pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan strategis dan responsif dimulai dari tahap implementasi Pembatasan Sosial Skala Besar (PSBB) di berbagai wilayah terdampak. Menilai dampak keberadaan COVID 19 di berbagai bidang, baik kesehatan, ekonomi, sosial budaya, dan bidang pembangunan lainnya, merupakan tugas berat bagi pemerintah dan dalam proses pemerintahannya identik dengan menggunakan tata kelola kolaboratif sebagai penanganan masalah. . Naskah hasil penelitian ini akan menguraikan tentang manajemen pemerintah dalam penanganan COVID 19 di Provinsi Riau, khususnya Kota Pekanbaru. Kota Pekanbaru dipilih dengan pertimbangan peningkatan jumlah kasus di awal yang cukup tinggi dibandingkan wilayah lain di Provinsi Riau serta pengelolaan kolaboratif yang dilakukan. Pembahasan tata kelola kolaboratif dalam penanganan COVID 19 di Kota Pekanbaru menggunakan analisis, yaitu peran awal pemerintah, aktor non-negara, pengambilan keputusan bersama, pengorganisasian formal, mendapatkan mufakat, dan adanya permasalahan untuk berkolaborasi baik dalam kebijakan maupun pelayanan publik.

Bandung is determined to be a focus location for national stunting interventions in 2020. Despite being one of the metropolitan cities in Indonesia, the prevalence of stunting in Bandung City is more than the WHO standard, so a strategy to reduce and handling of stunting is needed. Social and environmental aspects are essential to facilitate the policymaker. This study aims to analyze the stunting situation in Bandung City, then arrange Kelurahan based on the stunting risk index, to get an operative recommendation. The quantitative method analysis uses the concept of climate change adaptation which includes hazard and vulnerability indicators, while the qualitative method is formed by FGDs with key persons to identify problems and formulate impressive strategies. The results of the research showed that there are 15 Kelurahan that have the highest risk of stunting in Bandung City, to be intervention priority. These villages have relatively high poverty, poor access to sanitation, and low adaptive capacity. Recommendations from this study are increasing citizen knowledge of stunting through sustainable socialization and education, accelerating sensitive and specific stunting intervention programs, developing an integrated stunting data management system, and increasing participation also coordination among stakeholders.

In the Corruption Perception Index 2019, Indonesia ranks 90th among 180 countries (Transparency International, 2020). Indonesia still among the lowest rank in the corruption index. This index shows that corruption is an important issue for Indonesia. Therefore, the study aims at examining the determinants of corruption in Indonesia. This study focuses on two important aspects: fiscal decentralization and accountability. Since the enactment of Law Number 22 of 1999, which was then revised by Law Number 32 of 2004, the local government can manage fiscal. It is expected that local governments can use resources for the improvement of the wealth of the citizens. Further, the local government has a responsibility for using the resources.  However, there are cases regarding corruption in local government in Indonesia. This study uses secondary data from local government financial statements to search the corruption indication, level of fiscal decentralization, and accountability. The study’s sample consists of 94 districts/cities on Java during the 2013-2015 period. The dependent variable in this study is an indication of corruption. Furthermore, the study divided corruption into three aspects: regional losses, potential regional losses, and revenue deficiency. The independent variables in this study were fiscal decentralization and accountability. This study uses multiple linear regression models to test the effect of fiscal decentralization and accountability on Indonesia’s corruption indicator. The result of the study shows that fiscal decentralization has a negative impact on corruption indication. The higher degree of fiscal decentralization minimizes the corruption indication in Java island. Meanwhile, fiscal decentralization has a negative effect on regional losses and revenue deficiency. Accountability has no significant on corruption indication. However, accountability has a negative impact on regional losses. In conclusion, both fiscal decentralization and accountability have curb corruption indication in the regional losses aspect.

Poverty is an illustration to determine a household’s ability to fulfill fundamental rights or the necessities of a decent and dignified life as measured by the poverty line. Klungkung Regency, in the last five years, has made efforts to accelerate poverty reduction through the macro side. It maintains economic growth, reduces inflation, increases investment, creates jobs, and the micro side, namely increasing income and reducing the burden on public spending. Through pro-poor, pro-employment, and pro-regional growth programs. This research aimed to determine the poverty conditions and the reduction in the percentage of poor people in the Klungkung. The research method used quantitative and qualitative approaches, using government data sources and narrated qualitatively. This research uses the theory of poverty culture, various innovative development programs, and poverty to reduce the percentage and number of poor people from year to year. In 2016 the percentage of poverty was 6.35%, or the number of poor people was 11,210. In 2017 the percentage of poor people was 6, 29%, or the number of poor people by 11,150. In 2018 the percentage of poor people was 5.86%, or the number of poor people was 10,430. In 2019, the percentage of poor people was 5.4%, or the number of poor people was 9,960 people. In 2020 the percentage of poor people was 4.87%, or the number of poor people is 8,760. It is expected that by the end of 2023, the percentage of poverty in Klungkung Regency will be 3%, according to the target of the National Medium‐Term Plan (RPJMN).

Desa merupakan strata pemerintahan terendah yang terletak dalam wilayah administrasi pemerintahan kabupaten/kota di seluruh Indonesia. Pesatnya kemajuan teknologi digital membawa gelombang perubahan global yang menuntut desa melakukan transformasi dan beradaptasi. Dalam menyikapinya, apa yang harus dilakukan demi keberlangsungan nilai-nilai kehidupan, lestarinya tradisi, budaya, dan kearifan lokal, serta membangun modal manusia dalam upaya mensejahterakan warganya? Studi ini bertujuan mencari strategi yang luar biasa dalam upaya mewujudkan ketangguhan pedesaan melalui desa digital. Penelitian bersifat kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus di dua desa, yakni: i) Desa Cijengkol; dan ii) Desa Sepakung. Desa digital menjadi salah satu solusi ideal ketangguhan pedesaan di era digital. Modal manusia adalah faktor utamanya. Diharapkan Pemerintah menginisiasi desa digital yang partisipatif-responsif terhadap dinamika digitalisasi, pembangunan inklusif, antisipasi kebencanaan, dan kelestarian lingkungan berbasis digital.

To stimulate rural development and reduce poverty in rural areas, The Government of Indonesia enacted the policy of Village Fund in 2014. However, a few studies have been conducted to examine this program. This study aims to describe how poverty alleviation goes following Village Fund Program in Indonesia between 2015-2019. The poverty reduction was represented by holistic data, including the number of poor and the improvement of village status through Indeks Desa Membangun (IDM). The analysis is conducted using a descriptive method by dividing the areas into six regions, Sumatera, Java & Bali, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Maluku & NT, and Papua. The result showed that over five years, the village fund dramatically increases. Moreover, this growth is along with the slight decline in poverty. The researchers found that the decreasing number of poverty from 2015 to 2019 is about 15%. The IDM status for districts/municipalities shows that the status improved from underdeveloped villages in 2015 to developing villages in 2019.  Java is the region that contributed to making the status improved either to be developing, developed, or independent. While it is the Papua region known as the region consisting of most of the least underdeveloped villages.  Since the goal of this policy in poverty reduction still works slowly, it needs a lot of effort from many levels of government, from the village, regional, and national officials, to cooperatively work together.

This research aimed to examine the effect of village-owned asset administration and the formation of village-owned enterprises on improving the economy of rural communities. This research was conducted in Bali Province with a population of 636 villages. Furthermore, a sampling technique using proportionate stratified random sampling found 87 samples of the study. With a survey research design using a questionnaire, the data is collected directly by the researcher towards the respondent. The collected data were analyzed using multiple linear regression techniques. This study indicates that the administration of village assets and the formation of village-owned enterprises have a significant positive effect on improving the rural economy. The contribution of the research is to develop policy theory that is used as a basis for research discussion and practical contributions to be used as village observers, village practitioners, and village government as a basis for decision making and village entrepreneurship development for community welfare. The administration of village assets aims to ensure that all village assets under the control of the asset manager are recorded properly. In this research, suggestions for improving regulations governing the management of village assets can be suggested.

Meskipun kontribusi soft infrastructure yang didalamnya juga termasuk dimensi smart people baru akan berpengaruh ditahap kedua dalam konsep kota pintar (smart city). Tetapi penguatan dimensi ini harus diperhatikan sejak kota itu fokus pada konsep smart city. Penelitan bertujuan untuk mengetahui apa saja yang menjadi parameter kebijakan penguatan dimensi smart people serta perbandingan langkah konkret yang diambil terkait kebijakan penguatan dimensi smart people pada kota-kota di Indonesia. Parameter dimensi smart people terdiri dari angka tamat sekolah yang tinggi, berkembangnya industri kreatif dan adanya model kota pintar (urban living lab). Berdasarkan inilah penulis menguraikan serta menganalisa perbandingan setiap kebijakan pemerintah kota Bandung, Jakarta dan Pekanbaru dalam penguatan dimensi smart people. Tiga kota ini memiliki kebijakan yang relatif sama dibidang Pendidikan. Kemudian memiliki cara pandang berbeda dalam pengembangan industri kreatif. Serta perhatian kota-kota ini belum fokus pada parameter pembangunan model kota pintar skala kecil disetiap kota.

Agropolitan has been considered a solution for minimizing urbanization and creating equitable development between rural and urban areas. It has been one of the programs mentioned in the spatial planning agendas of the Government of Central Java. In Central Java, agropolitan has been started in 2002 and has left many problems related to the implementation. The objective of this study is to evaluate the implementation of agropolitan in Central Java. The research was conducted from April to October 2019. This study uses purposive sampling in determining the sample of the performance of the agribusiness sub-terminal at that location. The research started by completing pre-surveys to gain a brief description of the study areas and agropolitan program. The research collected in-depth information about the agropolitan program through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with farmer respondents, traders, and officers involved in agropolitan activities. Data were analyzed using scoring factors and descriptive qualitative. The results showed that in terms of projects, the implementation of agropolitan activities was in a GOOD category, but it was in the MEDIUM category in terms of sustainability. Furthermore, lack of community involvement, support from local government, the unavailability of an exit strategy, and the inflexibility of STAs to sell different commodities were some problems encountered in the implementation and sustainability of the program. As agropolitan is still one of the priorities of the Central Java Government, it is recommended to involve all stakeholders in the whole stages of the program from planning to evaluation, optimize or reactivate the Agropolitan working group, develop an institution that could sustainably implement the programs and the facilities, as well as increase human resource capacity.

Pemekaran wilayah merupakan wujud nyata dari adanya otonomi Daerah. Selain itu Pemekaran wilayah merupakan suatu proses pemecahan dari satu wilayah menjadi lebih dari satu wilayah sebagai upaya kesejahteraan masyarakat. Permasalahan yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah akibat hukum pemekaran wilayah terhadap pendaftaran hak atas tanah di kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu serta solusi penyelesaian dalam mengatasi konflik pertanahan akibat pemekaran wilayah tersebut. Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pendekatan yuridis normatif dimana literature yang dipakai ialah menggunakan perundang- undangan, serta buku- buku. kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah Akibat hukum apabila terjadi pemekaran wilayah kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu terhadap kegiatan pelaksanaan pendaftaran tanah di kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu adalah terjadinya perubahan terhadap wilayah kerja dan kewenangan dalam membuat akta tanah oleh PPAT dan juga perubahan wilayah kerja dan kewenangan dalam melaksanakan tugas dan kewajiban melakukan pendaftaran tanah di Kantor Pertanahan kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu dalam hal pendaftaran tanah Untuk mengatasi masalah konflik ini, Kemendagri terkadang harus melakukan intervensi dalam proses penyelesaian sengketa. Konflik seperti ini, bisa menghambat roda pemerintahan di daerah. Solusi lain ialah agar pemerintah segera merampungkan grand design dengan tetap mencermati segi historis dan adat istiadat sebelum banyak terjadi konflik di daerah. Jika hal tersebut tidak dihiraukan, seperti segi historis, adat istiadat. Setiap usulan mengenai pemekaran wilayah atau pembentukan propinsi kabupaten/kota serta wilayah baru seharusnya benar- benar merupakan komitmen mayoritas warga, bukan semata-mata itikad di tingkat elite.

Pemerintah menempatkan penelitian dan pengembangan (litbang) untuk mengambil peran besar dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintah daerah dalam bentuk badan namun masih banyak perangkat litbangda yang bergabung dengan Bappeda. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kondisi dan permasalahan perangkat litbangda yang bergabung dengan Bappeda dan bagaimana strategi penguatan litbangda, serta peran yang dijalankan oleh perangkat litbangda tersebut dalam dominasi perencanaan. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan menggunakan survey online dan wawancara mendalam. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui studi dokumentasi dan peraturan perundang-undangan terkait. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif menggunakan aplikasi Nvivo 12 Plus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perangkat litbangda yang menginduk dalam Bappeda masih menghadapi kendala internal dan eksternal sehingga peran dan fungsinya belum optimal. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan strategi penguatan litbangda, serta mekanisme sinergitas peran litbang dan perencanaan.

Pemberian layanan Kartu Identitas Anak (KIA) tidak serta merta memberikan hasil yang memuaskan, ditinjau dari hasil realisasi pada Kabupaten Pangandaran yang pencapaian Akta Kelahirannya sudah 84 persen di tahun 2019, namun dalam hal pencapaian KIA masih sangat minim, yaitu 24 dari 12.224 wajib KIA. Tujuan kajian menjelaskan kontribusi organisasi, interpretasi dan aplikasi implementasi kebijakan Kartu Identitas Anak. Kajian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode analisis deskriptif-kualitatif memanfaatkan data yang didapat dari wawancara kepada unsur pejabat Instansi Pelaksana, instansi kerja sama, para pemangku kepetingan pada enam pemerintah daerah dengan teknik anlisis menggunakan tahapan reduksi, display, penerikan kesimpulan. Hasil kajian mengungkapkan implementasi kebijakan dari aspek organisasi kebijakan KIA menitikberatkan pada kemampuan bekerja sama dengan instansi lainnya berdasarkan prinsip saling menguntungkan. Perlu dibuat payung hukum kerja sama dan menghilangkan ego setoral antar instansi pemerintah. Pada aspek Interpretasi, terlihat pemahaman instansi pelaksana dan instansi kerjsama terhadap KIA sangat baik karena aturan yang jelas, teknis dan implementatif. Namun, membutuhkan sosialisasi yang dikhususkan hanya untuk pelayanan KIA, dilakukan merata dan meluas pada area layanan serta menyasar pada kelompok/target masyarakat. pada aspek Aplikasi, masih terjadi penyalahgunaan penggunaan tinta, alat cetak dan blangko. Keberlanjutan kerja sama terkendala karena minimnya profit (berskala kecil), adanya batasan kewenangan, dan penerbitan KTP-el untuk pilkada (politis). Simpulan terhadap impelementasi kebijakan KIA memiliki tantangan pada kemampuan SDM sebagai implementator kebijakan serta ketersediaan sarana-prasarana pemberiaan layanan. Selain itu, Implementasi Kebijakan KIA yang bersifat top-down ditambah dengan sumberdaya yang terbatas memberikan dampak pada capaian kebijakan pemerintah daerah.

Dengan menggunakan teori Strukturasi (Giddens), studi ini mengkaji proses interelasi struktur dan agensi melembagakan praktek-praktek pernikahan tidak tercatat di Tawau (Sabah, Malaysia). Studi difokuskan pada upaya pencarian faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya pernikahan tidak tercatat dan identifikasi peran berbagai aktor yang terlibat, guna mendapat input komprehensif penyusunan langkah-langkah penyelesaian yang lebih efektif mengingat persoalan pernikahan tidak tercatat terus terjadi meski berbagai upaya mengatasi persoalan sudah dilakukan. Tawau (Sabah, Malaysia) diambil sebagai lokus studi mengingat kasus pernikahan tidak tercatat cukup tinggi terjadi di wilayah tersebut. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif tipe studi kasus dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam dan studi dokumen; hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa pernikahan tidak tercatat sudah berlangsung hingga generasi ketiga dan sulit dihentikan karena bertemunya kepentingan para aktor. Kepentingan dimaksud adalah kepentingan pekerja migran untuk dapat menikah memenuhi kebutuhan manusiawi mereka, kebutuhan tauke atau para pengusaha kelapa sawit yang mempekerjakan para pekerja migran (para pekerja migran yang sudah menikah lebih bertanggungjawab terhadap pekerjaan serta lebih mudah dikendalikan selain karena faktor human interest yaitu bahwa relasi mereka dengan pekerja migran sudah seperti keluarga) serta adanya kebutuhan para mediator untuk mendapatkan uang.

Law No. 2 of 2018 on MD3 (MPR, DPR, DPRD, and DPD), caused plenty of controversy in public and a lawsuit to the Constitutional Court, due to several problematic articles. Like Article 122k, Article 73, Article 245, and several other articles on the addition of legislative leaders. It indicated the DPR’s inability to formulate and explain the regulations before the media and the public. As such, effective communication management was needed to build public trust in the DPR through media relations. The objective of this study was to review the media relations between the DPR and the journalists in the implementation process of the MD3 Law, as well as how a policy communication process was formed based on the Randall B. Ripley Policy Analysis unit. Researchers used a qualitative method with two analysis models, which were the Randall B. Ripley model of public policy analysis and the media relation concept. The results of the study showed that the formation and implementation of the MD3 Law did not run smoothly from the start, due to the high political interests and the DPR’s poor communication. The role of the DPR News Bureau as the DPR’s Media Relations Officer (MRO) was not optimal. It was encumbered by the normative-administrative work system, the overlapping media relations tasks with the DPR members, and the domination of the Pressroom (parliamentary journalist).

The study aims to analyze the education and training system and apparatus development at the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency of Musi Rawas District with the study indicators, namely aspects of education and training of apparatus, career development, or apparatus and placement of human resources using SWOT analysis. Data collection was conducted through interviews, observation, and documentation study methods. The results showed that the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency of Musi Rawas District is in the prime and steady condition in developing human resources for apparatus. It is really possible to continue increasing growth and achieving maximum progress even though it poses a large enough threat. The strategic recommendation given is the Progressive Strategy, which means that the organization is stable. The human resource development strategy can be carried out progressively towards improving human resources by increasing activities that encourage the development of human resources intensively and continuously. To implement human resource development at the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency of Musi Rawas District to run well and as needed, it is recommended to determine the priority scale of the education and training. It must be based on the results of the Training Needs Analysis. Then in the implementation of Movements and Promotions carried out based on Career Patterns, Workload Analysis, and Job Analysis.