Vol 14 No 3 (2022)

This study intend to see the trend of articles published in Jurnal Bina Praja through co-authorship dan co-occurrence analysis by describing the citation trend, most cited articles, top productive author, most collaborated author, most frequently keyword appeared, the latest, and the densest keyword of the journal. This study used several applications for collecting and analyzing the data, namely Publish or Perish for searching the literature, Mendeley for completing the metadata, and VOSviewer for building the visualization and analysis. The result of this study denotes there are 273 articles published online in Jurnal Bina Praja from 2012 volume 4 number 1 to 2021 volume 13 number 2. Based on this mapping, there has been a significant increase in citations from 2017 to 2020. The year 2020 was the year in which this journal obtained the highest number of citations, namely 266 citations compared to the previous year, which was only 162 citations. The most cited article was the one written by Saksono in 2012 entitled "Creative Economy: New Talents for Regional Competitiveness Triggers." The most productive author is Hamudy with a number of publications of 9 documents. In terms of collaboration between authors as seen from co-authorship based on total link strengths, there are 9 clusters, and the most collaborated author with 7 total link strengths, namely Afriyani, Fitri, Manoby, and Pranasari. According to the network visualization, the most frequent keyword that occurred in Jurnal Bina Praja is local government with 18 occurrences. Covid-19 is the latest keyword in the Jurnal Bina Praja in 2021. Local Government is the densest keyword in this journal followed by decentralization, poverty, development, and innovation.

Digitizing government by utilizing the Internet, Communication, and Technology (ICT) is one of the biggest focuses on innovative actions and reforms through various instruments towards improving the quality of public service outcomes. This research discussed the governmental innovation and reform in the South Sumatera Provincial government, which has been trying to increase and improve governmental working transparency and accountability, public management system, and public service improvements known as “E-Sumsel.” By employing qualitative methods, the data collected and extracted from library research such as books, journals as well as the internet. Based on the result, it was found that “E-Sumsel” programs were established to shape digitalizing public management system and for democratic public service transparency and accountability. By focusing on transformations, the South Sumatera provincial government established “E-Sumsel” programs for showing any information about the information such as business opportunities, as well as about the government working. Meanwhile, it has identified several challenges in establishing “E-Sumsel” programs in the South Sumatera government, which remains high-incidence fiefdoms and a strong vertical orientation conspicuous among the governmental agencies. It needs further development to be resolved by creating a new innovative strategy to harmonize the provincial governmental standard operating systems in improving quality public management and public service. For this reason, innovative government action through “E-Sumsel” is very important mode to exist continuously in administrative reform in government institutions with governance innovation that influences each other.

Ketimpangan Distribusi Pendapatan Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung terendah secara nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi yang lebih mendalam mengenai variabel atau faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi Ketimpangan Distribusi Pendapatan di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif asosiatif dengan model Regresi Linier Berganda dan Regresi Linier Sederhana, serta uji kelayakan dengan uji asumsi klasik, uji hipotesis Simultan dan Parsial. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ketimpangan distribusi pendapatan di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung adalah pertumbuhan ekonomi, pembangunan manusia, kemiskinan, dan pengangguran sebesar 60,9 persen. Faktor lain mempengaruhi sisanya 39,1 persen. Secara parsial, pertumbuhan ekonomi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan sebesar 30 persen dengan koefisien regresi sebesar 0,009. Pembangunan manusia berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan sebesar 55,5 persen dengan koefisien regresi -0,006, dan kemiskinan berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan sebesar 25,8 persen dengan koefisien regresi -0,004, pengangguran berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan sebesar 11,1 persen dengan koefisien regresi sebesar -0,003. Kesimpulannya, ternyata faktor pembangunan manusia memiliki peran yang sangat besar dalam mengurangi ketimpangan distribusi pendapatan di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Maka, rekomendasi kepada Pemerintah Provinsi perlu terus meningkatkan Pembangunan Manusia dengan meningkatkan pendidikan, kesehatan, dan daya beli masyarakat, serta mensosialisasikan pentingnya Pembangunan Manusia dalam mengurangi tingkat ketimpangan hasil pembangunan kepada Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung.

In Indonesia, which consists of thousands of islands, it is very likely that there will be population inequality between islands. The government initiated the transmigration program to collectively encourage a more even distribution of the population, especially outside Java. The condition of the transmigration location with agricultural potential has encouraged most of the transmigrants to have their main livelihood as farmers. One of the transmigration destinations in Indonesia is Bengkulu Province, which is spread over eight regencies, but Seluma Regency is the only district that is included in the 3T (Frontier, Isolated, Underdeveloped) in Bengkulu Province which is allocated for the settlement of transmigrants, and the Settlement Unit 3 Pagar Banyu is one of the transmigration destinations since 2007. This study aims to analyze the effect of farm diversification, land size, family labor, and non-farm income on transmigrant household income. The population in this study consists of 50 transmigrant households in the settlement unit 03 Pagar Banyu, Ulu Talo District, Seluma Regency, all selected as respondents. Data were collected through interviews based on questionnaires, which were then analyzed with multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that farm diversification, land size, family labor, and non-farm income have a positive and significant effect on the income of transmigrant households. The results imply that transmigrant households should optimize farming in terms of diversification, land size, use of family labor, and engagement in non-farm income opportunities to increase income. Furthermore, the government should provide policies that focus on developing transmigrant farming.

The implementation of Law Number 32 of 2004 concerning regional autonomy required Indonesia to change its economic development system from centralized to decentralized. One form was fiscal decentralization which aimed to promote social welfare and regional independence. However, the economic growth of several regions fluctuated, even though the fiscal decentralization instrument issued by the central government continued to increase. One of the provinces in Indonesia that have implemented a fiscal decentralization policy is Bali. It is categorized as one of the very-good provinces in terms of economic independence, reaching 53 percent, and tent to receive increasing local revenue every year. However, its economy seems to remain relatively high. This study aims to estimate the effect of fiscal decentralization as seen from PAD and balancing funds to the economic growth in districts/cities of Bali Province in 2012-2019. By using panel data regression analysis, this study examines the effect of PAD and balancing funds in the districts/cities of Bali Province and their effects on Bali’s economic growth. This study finds that the best model explaining the influence among those variables is the Fixed Effects Model (FEM) with Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR). The results show that the DAU and the combination of the utilization of regional income that includes PAD and other legal regional income have a positive and significant effect on economic growth in the districts/cities of Bali Province. Therefore, optimizing the use of regional revenues, both in the form of PAD and Other Legitimate Regional Revenues, may increase economic growth.

Electronic government has become an important issue in Indonesia's bureaucratic reform. Aside from the big-bang decentralization policy, e-govt has endorsed national concerns to digitize the rigid manual procedures of public services. Jakarta, as the capital city, emphasizes IT- the backbone of administration. IT is yet widely used by Jakarta to get a new shape in Jakarta's capabilities and capacities. Over two decades, passing different governors, Jakarta persistent injected IT into public administration, launching integrated IT applications to present a smart city. Despite the award of Jakarta digital services, Jakarta IT management should be evaluated. The approach used in the research to examine the symptoms of the object of study is a mixed-method approach with a sequential model. The informant selection technique uses purposive sampling. Informants' selection process by adjusting the business processes in COBIT 2019 using the RACI Chart method. The data analysis techniques used Guttman Scale. The result shows the appropriate business processes are: APO02 (managed strategy), APO03 (driven architecture), BAI05 (managed organizational change), and DSS06 (managed business process control). The study results show that the capability level is t of 4 scales as a target. The gap value of 0.25 indicates that technology and information management have been implemented and running well, but each business process needs improvement to reach the maximum level. Despite the gap between as-is and to-be, Jakarta's capability level is impressive. It reflects the persistent injection of IT with adequate support. The Jakarta province needs to pay attention to software and hardware compatible with the organization's vision and improve coordination among divisions. Training, staffing, dispatching, and rotating need qualified human resources to enhance organizational performance. DKI Jakarta Province also needs routine monitoring, evaluating problems, and documenting all business processes as a source of information.

Untuk meningkatkan kekuatan pajak pemerintah daerah, pemerintah pusat menerapkan reformasi besar-besaran pada tahun 2010 dengan mengalihkan Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan Perkotaan (PBB-P2) ke pemerintah daerah. Meskipun pajak menyumbang sebagian besar pendapatan pemerintah daerah, perilaku belanja pemerintah daerah dipertanyakan, dan tidak jelas apakah belanja publik telah ditingkatkan. Studi ini mengkaji pengaruh penguatan kebijakan PBB-P2 terhadap peningkatan pendapatan asli daerah (PAD) dan dampaknya terhadap pola belanja daerah, khususnya apakah masih ada flypaper setelah reformasi kebijakan. Menerapkan metode data panel efek tetap untuk pemerintah daerah Indonesia dari tahun 2005 hingga 2020, kami menemukan bahwa penguatan kebijakan PBB-P2 memiliki dampak positif yang signifikan terhadap PAD. Efek positif ditemukan signifikan satu tahun (tahun +1) setelah implementasi kebijakan di setiap daerah, termasuk untuk provinsi, kabupaten, dan kota, dengan diterbitkannya peraturan daerah terkait PBB-P2. Menariknya, peningkatan PAD yang signifikan berdampak pada pola belanja daerah. Dengan demikian, fenomena flypaper effect tidak terjadi dari tahun 2005 hingga 2020. Hal ini berimplikasi bahwa pemerintah pusat dapat secara selektif memberdayakan pemerintah daerah untuk memungut pajak daerah dan retribusi yang sesuai. Hal itu dapat dilakukan dengan menyediakan sumber pajak daerah yang baru, melakukan restrukturisasi jenis pajak, penyederhanaan jenis retribusi penggunaan, dan harmonisasi peraturan pemerintah daerah dengan pemerintah pusat.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis biaya subsidi dan peluang implementasi Buy the Service (BTS) untuk Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) di Kota Padang Panjang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Pengumpulan data primer meliputi observasi dan penyebaran kuesioner kepada responden pengguna angkutan umum dan non angkutan umum. Informasi yang diperoleh dari penyebaran kuesioner adalah asal tujuan, karakteristik perilaku angkutan umum, dan kemauan membayar masyarakat terhadap moda angkutan umum yang mengikuti standar pelayanan angkutan umum. Biaya operasional kendaraan umum diperoleh dari hasil survey biaya pokok angkutan umum yang terdiri dari biaya langsung dan tidak langsung. Hasil penelitian ini merumuskan 3 (tiga) skenario lintasan jalur utama dan analisis biaya penyelenggaraan BTS yang memenuhi Standar Pelayanan Minimal (SPM). Estimasi biaya subsidi untuk implementasi BTS di tiga koridor utama adalah 10,09 miliar, dengan biaya subsidi tertinggi berada di koridor 1 yaitu sebesar 4,41 miliar namun memiliki headway yang lebih kecil dibandingkan dua koridor lainnya. Hasil penelitian ini juga merekomendasikan perlunya sosialisasi secara terus menerus kepada masyarakat terkait kemudahan dan kenyamanan penggunaan BRT serta penyamaan persepsi antara pemerintah daerah dan operator terkait mekanisme pemberian subsidi BRT.

Program Dana Desa merupakan wujud desentralisasi fiskal di Indonesia yang ditujukan untuk mendukung pemerataan pembangunan dan peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Pemerintah desa berwenang merencanakan penggunaan Dana Desa dan membelanjakannya dengan memperhatikan peraturan dari pemerintah pusat. Penggunaan Dana Desa perlu dievaluasi untuk mengetahui apakah dana tersebut telah dibelanjakan dengan baik dan mendukung pembangunan ekonomi desa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kegiatan program Dana Desa yang dapat mempengaruhi pembangunan ekonomi desa dan menentukan prioritas daerah dalam pemanfaatan Dana Desa untuk pembangunan desa di bidang ekonomi. Analisis dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan memetakan dan menandai pengeluaran Dana Desa. Pemetaan dan penandaan bertujuan untuk memastikan bahwa belanja Dana Desa sesuai dengan amanat dan untuk mengetahui komposisi porsi belanja ekonomi di masing-masing daerah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) penggunaan Dana Desa telah sesuai dengan pedoman prioritas penggunaan Dana Desa yang berlaku; (2) pangsa belanja ekonomi di Indonesia bagian timur lebih rendah dibandingkan kawasan lain, namun dengan tren yang terus meningkat, sedangkan porsi belanja ekonomi di pulau Jawa dan Bali menunjukkan angka yang lebih tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, penelitian ini menyarankan agar desa di daerah tertinggal mengutamakan belanja Dana Desa untuk perbaikan infrastruktur dan keterbukaan wilayah untuk meningkatkan kemajuan atau kemandirian desa.

General elections are interpreted as a concrete manifestation of the implementation of democracy in Indonesia. However, the use of the Presidential Threshold is a matter of debate ahead of the 2024 General Election. The issue related to the Presidential Threshold has become a hot issue reported by the Indonesian media. The media have an essential role in shaping public narratives related to policymaking. The part of public records can create collective awareness by providing information about actors' choices in making a policy decision. This study aims to analyze how policymaking actors in Indonesia make decisions regarding using the Presidential Threshold in the 2024 General Election seen from the public narrative formed in the media. A Narrative Policy Framework (NPF) study will be conducted to describe and explain the structure of political narratives in policymaking. This study uses a qualitative research method with a QDAS (Qualitative Data Analysis Software) approach. The data sources in this study came from reputable online media in Indonesia. Research findings show that the government's attitude toward the House of People's Representatives (DPR) as policymakers does not waver towards implementing the 20% Presidential Threshold in the upcoming 2024 elections. However, the narrative built on the media regarding implementing the Presidential Threshold is more dominated by the contrast. This is inseparable from the political interest ahead of the 2024 general election. Namely, to carry and win presidential and vice-presidential candidates who are supported by each political actor involved.

Toba Caldera UNESCO Global Geopark (TCUGG) has not only geological phenomena of international geological significance value but also has outstanding universal value by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). The establishment of TCUGG as a national priority and the Lake Toba Authority Agency is a serious commitment from the government to develop this region. Although it is now a super-priority tourism destination, over the last six decades, the water level of Lake Toba has decreased significantly by 2.4 cm per year from 1957 to 2016. The environmental quality index shows a decline from year to year, and environmental conditions of Lake Toba are already very severe due to various factors. The government and local communities are still running independently for the conservation agenda. This empirical research uses a mixed method of sequential explanation. The main objective of the research is to analyze the determinants of local people's choices to participate in conservation activities in TCUGG. From the research results, the significant factors that determine the local communities' participation in conservation activities are water availability, incentives, suitability of seeds, trust level for the initiator, and the success rate of previous conservation. Society does not need promises or rhetoric, especially for those who have participated before and experienced low success rates. Application of reward and punishment as an incentive for the community to participate in conservation activities and to further encourage their motivation. The main key is to serve the needs of the community in conservation practices.

Strategi penanggulangan kemiskinan harus mengacu pada siapa dan mengapa kemiskinan terjadi agar program pembangunan berkelanjutan efektif bagi kesejahteraan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kondisi permasalahan rumah tangga petani di Desa Mutunggeding Kecamatan Umalulu Kabupaten Sumba Timur dengan gambaran aset alam dan sumber daya manusia dan fisik. Metode penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif berdasarkan data sekunder dan primer dari observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara mendalam dengan 102 petani yang dipilih secara acak untuk menjawab 41 pertanyaan kunci. Hasil kajian menemukan bahwa sebagian besar petani adalah petani muda yang memiliki sawah dan kebun, berpendidikan rendah dan memiliki keterampilan penunjang serta kesehatan yang baik. Namun, aset tanah tersebut belum berfungsi optimal untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ekonomi rumah tangga karena kelangkaan pupuk bersubsidi, minimnya traktor tangan, dan distribusi air irigasi yang tidak merata. Kondisi ini akan semakin parah jika petani harus menanggung beban adat dan budaya, sehingga harus berutang dan menggadaikan sawahnya. Di sisi lain, kekuatan aset sosial masyarakat merupakan modal yang kuat untuk bertahan melawan kemiskinan. Oleh karena itu, Pemerintah perlu memperkuat sinergi kelompok tani, BP3K pertanian, dan BUMDesa dalam mengatasi permasalahan mendasar yang dialami petani dan juga perlu memperkuat kapasitas kelembagaan BUMDesa sebagai landasan peningkatan ekonomi rakyat.

Crisis, natural or man-made, is inevitable in our life because of human social interactions. Crises are caused by ineffective communication yet are better solved with effective communication. Scholars have studied social media's role in crisis management as an information propagator and their cost effectiveness during a crisis. Social media can potentially influence multiple public strata during and after the crisis. Social media serve as tools for relationship management which is a crucial part of crisis management; equally, public relations also serve the same. This paper explores how effective crisis communication management can be achieved via Social Networking Systems (SNS). Drawing from the existing literature as the method used, this paper reviews articles and studies on public relations strategy and effective crisis management. It expounds on examples of how relationships can be well-managed through social media in crises. This paper has increased our knowledge of crisis management by understanding how crises are managed. Findings are that crisis communication was managed from four conceptual lenses scholars have investigated; that crises can be prevented- partially if not completely- with a proper crisis communication plan; that having a crisis communication plan may not suffice except is handled by professional relationship managers who know how to communicate and understand the use of the conventional and new media with the influential role of symmetrical communication. Therefore, the paper concluded that since crisis leads to the bad relationship due to a lack of understanding of the situation and behavior and to facilitate this, it suggests that crisis is better managed through effective public relations managers.

The Indonesian government realizes that developing alternative instruments for financing the state budget needs to continue—one of them with financing instruments based on sharia principles. This study examines the response of the Indonesian government in policy actions to seek financing for research and development infrastructure through Sukuk financing. This study uses a qualitative method with a narrative approach. This study uses three data collection techniques: regulatory survey, secondary data research, and Expert Elicitation with Experts' Judgments. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique uses content analysis, stakeholder analysis matrix, 're-analysis,' and digital discourse analysis. The results of this research reveal that the policy actions taken by the Indonesian government are through 1) regulatory in the form of policies related to the Sukuk financing policy in Indonesia, by issuing one regulation in the form of a law, one rule in the form of a Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia, and four rules at the level of ministerial regulations. On the other hand, the results of the mapping of stakeholders show that there are four clusters of actors, namely decision makers, project initiators, support partners, and civil society - media. 2) applicative action in the form of budget allocation related to infrastructure financing Sukuk in the research and development sector, during 2018-2022, financed 41 projects from 10 ministries/agencies. In the end, this research provides recommendations; namely, it is necessary to diversify the types of infrastructure that can be financed from Sukuk financing so that they follow the needs of Ministries/Agencies and Local Governments.

The quality of audit opinion results of local government financial statements in 2015 – 2020 has increased. Still, non-compliance with laws and corruption cases has increased, indicating that the implementation of Good Government Governance (GGG) has not gone well. This paper provides empirical evidence of the role of human development in realizing GGG and its effect on the performance of local governments in Indonesia. The research was designed as associative quantitative research, an organizational unit of analysis. The total population is the regency and city government in Indonesia, as many as 514 local governments, and the sampling technique is purposive sampling. The qualified samples were 268 local governments, with data observed from 2018 to 2020, or 3 years, so the number was 804. The data was sourced from the Regional Government Implementation Performance Evaluation report. The GGG variables were measured using indices and local government performance variables use scores. The main analysis uses SEM PLS and additional analysis with panel regression. The results showed that GGG had a significant effect on the performance of local governments. Novelty, the dimension of human development can strengthen the GGG variable so that its influence on the performance of local governments is even greater. This research has theoretical, managerial, policy, and practical implications. In addition, the completeness of the research data, which is still lacking in information, is a limitation of this study. Furthermore, recommendations for local governments so that human development receives special attention to increasing competitiveness by increasing the allocation of labor budgets.