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Artikel Riset Asli Akses Terbuka Terakreditasi SINTA 2

Menavigasi Realitas Akademik Baru

Tata Kelola dan Etika AI Adaptif dalam Penerbitan Ilmiah Global

Penulis

DOI
10.21787/jbp.17.2025-3090
Tanggal Terbit & Halaman
31 Agustus 2025
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CC Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
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Abstrak

Pesatnya perkembangan kecerdasan buatan (AI) generatif dan Model Bahasa Besar (LLM) telah secara fundamental mengganggu lanskap penerbitan ilmiah global dan penelitian administrasi publik. Gangguan ini menghadirkan masalah yang ditandai dengan dikotomi antara AI sebagai katalis produktivitas akademik yang penting dan ancaman signifikan terhadap integritas ilmiah. Studi ini membahas tiga pertanyaan penelitian spesifik: (1) efektivitas operasional dan risiko etika AI dalam penulisan ilmiah, (2) evolusi kebijakan editorial, dan (3) perumusan tata kelola AI adaptif dalam administrasi publik yang terdesentralisasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis secara kritis transformasi publikasi ilmiah, mengidentifikasi risiko etika dan metodologis yang muncul, dan mengembangkan kerangka kerja konseptual adaptif untuk tata kelola AI. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, teknik pengumpulan data melibatkan Riset Pustaka dengan mengekstrak dan mensintesis secara sistematis 101 literatur kontemporer berdampak tinggi (2018–2025) yang diindeks di Scopus Q1 dan Web of Science. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis tematik untuk memetakan pola literatur lintas disiplin, sementara interpretasi data dioperasionalkan melalui Analisis Wacana Kritis (CDA) dan triangulasi validitas silang kebijakan institusional. Hasil dan diskusi mengungkapkan bahwa AI secara signifikan menjembatani hambatan linguistik lintas budaya dan mempercepat produktivitas. Namun, temuan penelitian menegaskan bahwa AI secara bersamaan memperkenalkan risiko epistemik yang belum pernah terjadi sebelumnya (halusinasi algoritmik), bias etika, dan kekosongan akuntabilitas hukum terkait kepengarangan dan evaluasi tinjauan sejawat. Studi ini memberikan kebaruan ilmiah dengan merekonstruksi paradigma ini dan mengusulkan kerangka kerja Sinergi Kognitif Manusia-AI. Disimpulkan bahwa ada kebutuhan mendesak untuk tata kelola AI adaptif di dalam lembaga publik untuk mengatur penelitian yang dibantu mesin tanpa menghambat inovasi. Oleh karena itu, studi ini menawarkan rekomendasi yang dapat ditindaklanjuti yang menekankan pengawasan manusia yang kritis (validasi manusia dalam lingkaran), kebijakan pengungkapan yang transparan, dan audit peraturan sektoral untuk peneliti, penerbit akademik, dan ahli strategi kebijakan pemerintah untuk menjaga integritas ilmiah.

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