Kebijakan Makan Bergizi Gratis di Indonesia di bawah Presiden Prabowo
Analisis Kebijakan, Fiskal, dan Politik Berdasarkan Bukti Internasional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21787/jbp.18.2026.2896Kata Kunci:
Program Makan Bergizi Gratis, MBG, Pemberian Makanan di Sekolah, Gizi Anak, Stunting, Kebijakan Publik, Ekonomi Politik, Tata Kelola Pemerintahan, IndonesiaAbstrak
Program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) adalah kebijakan strategis pemerintah yang diperkenalkan di bawah Presiden Prabowo Subianto Indonesia, yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan status gizi anak, mengurangi stunting, dan memperkuat kualitas sumber daya manusia. Meskipun manfaat program pemberian makan di sekolah telah terbukti secara global, studi komprehensif tentang efektivitas program MBG dalam konteks kapasitas regulasi dan kelembagaan Indonesia masih terbatas. Artikel ini menganalisis program MBG menggunakan pendekatan kebijakan publik berbasis bukti dan lensa ekonomi politik, berdasarkan tinjauan artikel jurnal internasional yang terindeks Scopus, buku-buku akademis, dan kerangka regulasi nasional. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa program pemberian makan di sekolah memiliki efek positif pada status gizi anak, kehadiran di sekolah, dan hasil belajar; namun, efektivitasnya sangat dipengaruhi oleh kualitas tata kelola, keamanan pangan, koordinasi lintas sektoral, dan keberlanjutan fiskal. Berdasarkan temuan ini, artikel ini berpendapat bahwa program MBG memiliki potensi yang cukup besar sebagai kebijakan transformatif. Meskipun demikian, tanpa desain fiskal yang baik, penguatan kapasitas kelembagaan, dan mekanisme akuntabilitas publik yang kuat, kebijakan ini berisiko menjadi intervensi populis yang mahal dan tidak berkelanjutan.
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