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Pengaruh Investasi terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Pembangunan Manusia, Kemiskinan dan Pengangguran di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung Periode 2018–2023
- Tanggal Terbit & Halaman
- 30 April 2025 · Hlm. 43-60
- Riwayat Naskah
- Diterima26 Feb 2025 Terbit30 Apr 2025
920 Dilihat 616 Diunduh
Abstrak
Investasi merupakan salah satu faktor kunci yang memengaruhi dinamika perekonomian. Penelitian ini berfokus pada Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung, khususnya investasinya di sektor timah dan non-timah, sebagai daerah penghasil timah terbesar di dunia. Investasi merupakan komponen penting dalam pembentukan modal; investasi memiliki potensi besar untuk memacu pertumbuhan ekonomi, meningkatkan kualitas hidup masyarakat, dan mengurangi masalah sosial seperti kemiskinan dan pengangguran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh investasi di sektor timah dan non-timah terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi, Indeks Pembangunan Manusia, tingkat kemiskinan, dan tingkat pengangguran di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung dari tahun 2018 hingga 2023. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif asosiatif, dengan alat analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa investasi di sektor timah berdampak positif, sedangkan investasi di sektor non-timah berdampak negatif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi; namun, pengaruh ini tidak signifikan secara statistik. Investasi sektor timah dan investasi sektor non-timah berdampak negatif terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia, meskipun tidak signifikan secara statistik. Investasi sektor timah berpengaruh positif dan signifikan, sedangkan investasi sektor non-timah berpengaruh negatif terhadap tingkat kemiskinan, tetapi pengaruh ini tidak signifikan secara statistik. Investasi di sektor timah dan investasi non-timah berpengaruh negatif terhadap tingkat pengangguran, tetapi pengaruh ini tidak signifikan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian selama enam tahun terakhir adalah bahwa kondisi investasi telah menurun secara signifikan. Penurunan ini diawali dengan kejadian COVID-19 pada tahun 2019, dan berdampak pada pembangunan ekonomi dan sosial. Solusinya perlu lebih proaktif di kedua sektor pemerintah dan swasta untuk meningkatkan investasi dari investor, baik dalam negeri maupun asing. Selain itu, perlu ditetapkan strategi investasi yang berkualitas sehingga investasi tersebut dapat bermanfaat bagi peningkatan pembangunan sosial-ekonomi, khususnya di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung.
Influence of Investment on Economic Growth, Human Development, Poverty and Unemployment in Bangka Belitung Island Province in the 2018–2023 Period
Investment is one of the key factors that affect economic dynamics. This research focuses on the Bangka Belitung Islands Province, specifically its investment in the tin and non-tin sectors, as the largest tin-producing area in the world. Investment is an important component in capital formation; investment has great potential to spur economic growth, improve people's quality of life, and reduce social problems such as poverty and unemployment. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of investment in the tin and non-tin sectors on economic growth, the Human Development Index, poverty levels, and unemployment rates in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province from 2018 to 2023. Associative quantitative research type, with multiple regression analysis tools. The research results indicate that investment in the tin sector has a positive impact, while investment in the non-tin sector has a negative impact on economic growth; however, this effect is not statistically significant. Tin sector investment and non-tin sector investment have a negative impact on the Human Development Index, although it is not statistically significant. Tin sector investment has a positive and significant effect, while non-tin sector investment has a negative effect on poverty levels, but this effect is not statistically significant. Investment in the tin sector and non-tin investment have a negative effect on the unemployment rate, but this effect is not significant. The conclusion from research over the last six years is that investment conditions have decreased significantly. This decline began with the COVID-19 incident in 2019, and that had an impact on economic and social development. The solution needs to be more proactive in both the government and private sectors to increase investment from investors, both domestic and foreign. Apart from that, there is a need to set a quality investment strategy so that the investment can be beneficial for increasing socio-economic development, especially in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province.
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