Baca Naskah Lengkap
Isi lengkap artikel ini tersedia dalam format PDF. Versi resmi yang diterbitkan pada Vol 16 No 2 (2024).
Artikel Riset Asli Akses Terbuka Terakreditasi SINTA 2
Strategi Pemerintah yang Efektif dalam Menangani Dampak Perubahan Iklim di Wilayah Papua Barat
Optimalisasi Anggaran untuk Mitigasi dan Adaptasi
- Tanggal Terbit & Halaman
- 30 Agustus 2024 · Hlm. 235-249
- Riwayat Naskah
- Diterima22 Jun 2024 Terbit30 Agu 2024
1.421 Dilihat 1.442 Diunduh
Abstrak
Perubahan iklim merupakan tantangan global yang berdampak signifikan terhadap berbagai sektor, termasuk lingkungan, ekonomi, dan sosial. Di wilayah Papua Barat, dampak perubahan iklim semakin terasa terutama pada sektor pertanian, perikanan, dan keberlanjutan ekosistem lokal. Pemerintah daerah memainkan peran penting dalam mengembangkan strategi mitigasi dan adaptasi yang efektif untuk menghadapi tantangan ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi optimalisasi anggaran yang digunakan pemerintah daerah untuk mengatasi dampak perubahan iklim di wilayah tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus untuk mengkaji kebijakan pemerintah daerah dalam menghadapi perubahan iklim. Data diperoleh melalui diskusi terarah dengan pejabat pemerintah, analisis dokumen kebijakan, dan analisis data anggaran. Model interaktif Miles dan Huberman digunakan dalam analisis, yang melibatkan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perubahan signifikan dalam alokasi anggaran untuk mitigasi dan adaptasi perubahan iklim antara tahun 2023 dan 2024. Anggaran untuk mitigasi mengalami penurunan sebesar 39,70%, sementara anggaran untuk adaptasi meningkat sebesar 62,86%. Penurunan anggaran mitigasi mencerminkan efisiensi yang telah dicapai atau perubahan prioritas, sedangkan peningkatan anggaran adaptasi menunjukkan peningkatan fokus pada ketahanan masyarakat dan infrastruktur terhadap dampak perubahan iklim. Rencana aksi prioritas yang diidentifikasi dalam penelitian ini mencakup penguatan infrastruktur tahan iklim, pengelolaan air dan limbah, pengembangan energi terbarukan, peningkatan kapasitas dan partisipasi komunitas, diversifikasi sumber pendanaan, dan pengembangan serta penerapan teknologi. Rekomendasi untuk pemerintah daerah menekankan pentingnya evaluasi berkelanjutan, pengembangan kebijakan inklusif, kolaborasi dengan sektor swasta, serta peningkatan kesadaran dan partisipasi publik dalam menghadapi perubahan iklim.
Perubahan Iklim, Mitigasi, Adaptasi, Kebijakan Pemerintah, Anggaran, Infrastruktur Tahan Iklim.
Effective Government Strategies to Deal With Climate Change Impacts in the West Papua Region: Budget Optimization for Mitigation and Adaptation
Climate change is a global challenge that significantly impacts various environmental, economic, and social sectors. In the West Papua region, the effects of climate change are increasingly being felt, especially in the agriculture, fisheries, and local ecosystem sustainability sectors. Local governments play an important role in developing effective mitigation and adaptation strategies to face this challenge. This research aims to analyze the budget optimization strategies used by local governments to address the impacts of climate change in the region. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method to examine local government policies on climate change. Data were obtained through focus group discussions with government officials, analysis of policy documents, and analysis of budget data. The Miles and Huberman interactive model was used in the analysis, which involved data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed significant budget allocations for climate change mitigation and adaptation changes between 2023 and 2024. The budget for mitigation decreased by 39.70%, while the budget for adaptation increased by 62.86%. The decrease in the mitigation budget reflects efficiencies that have been achieved or changes in priorities. In contrast, the increase in the adaptation budget indicates an increased focus on community and infrastructure resilience to climate change impacts. Priority action plans identified in this study include strengthening climate-resilient infrastructure, water and waste management, renewable energy development, increasing community capacity and participation, diversifying funding sources, and technology development and application. Recommendations for local governments emphasize the importance of continuous evaluation, inclusive policy development, collaboration with the private sector, and increased public awareness and participation in dealing with climate change.
Daftar Pustaka
52 rujukan- Achimugwu, P. U., Kinyanjui, M. N., & Malonza, D. M. (2023). Mitigation of Climate Change Due to Excessive Carbon Dioxide Emission and Accumulation: A Mathematical Model Approach. Communications in Mathematical Biology and Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.28919/CMBN/8027
- Ade, M., Harahap, K., Wurarah, R. N., Fathurohman, A., Suroso, A., & Iskandar, Y. (2023). Globalization Substance and Industrial Revolution 4.0 and the Role of Technological Innovation for Economic Development Towards Entrepreneurship. Jurnal Bisnisman: Riset Bisnis dan Manajemen, 4(3), 37–51. https://doi.org/10.52005/BISNISMAN.V4I3.122
- Adger, W. N., Arnell, N. W., & Tompkins, E. L. (2005). Successful Adaptation to Climate Change Across Scales. Global Environmental Change, 15(2), 77–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.GLOENVCHA.2004.12.005
- Aisya, N. S. (2019). Politik Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim dalam Pendekatan Multilevel Governance di Kota Semarang. Jurnal Hubungan Internasional, 8(1), 35–47. https://doi.org/10.18196/HI.81143
- Akanwa, A. O., & Joe-Ikechebelu, N. (2019). The Developing World’s Contribution to Global Warming and the Resulting Consequences of Climate Change in These Regions: A Nigerian Case Study. In J. P. Tiefenbacher (Ed.), Global Warming and Climate Change. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85052
- Akita, T., Riadi, A. A., & Rizal, A. (2021). Fiscal Disparities in Indonesia in the Decentralization Era: Does General Allocation Fund Equalize Fiscal Revenues? Regional Science Policy & Practice, 13(6), 1842–1866. https://doi.org/10.1111/RSP3.12326
- Ameray, A., Cavard, X., & Bergeron, Y. (2023). Climate Change May Increase Quebec Boreal Forest Productivity in High Latitudes by Shifting Its Current Composition. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, 6, 1020305. https://doi.org/10.3389/FFGC.2023.1020305
- Bustamante, M., Roy, J., Ospina, D., Achakulwisut, P., Aggarwal, A., Bastos, A., Broadgate, W., Canadell, J. G., Carr, E. R., Chen, D., Cleugh, H. A., Ebi, K. L., Edwards, C., Farbotko, C., Fernández-Martínez, M., Frölicher, T. L., Fuss, S., Geden, O., Gruber, N., … Zscheischler, J. (2023). Ten New Insights in Climate Science 2023. Global Sustainability, 7, e19. https://doi.org/10.1017/SUS.2023.25
- Cilas, C., & Bastide, P. (2020). Challenges to Cocoa Production in the Face of Climate Change and the Spread of Pests and Diseases. Agronomy, 10(9), 1232. https://doi.org/10.3390/AGRONOMY10091232
- Conway, H. (2022). Challenges to Implementing the UNFCCC Paris Agreement Through Redd+ in Liberia: A Critical Analysis [PhD Thesis]. Cardiff University.
- Cradock-Henry, N. A., Blackett, P., Hall, M., Johnstone, P., Teixeira, E., & Wreford, A. (2020). Climate Adaptation Pathways for Agriculture: Insights From a Participatory Process. Environmental Science & Policy, 107, 66–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2020.02.020
- Dwijatenaya, I. B. M. A., & Dewi, M. K. (2016). The Effects of Social Capital for the Management of Environment Cleanliness in Adipura Programme. Jurnal Bina Praja, 8(2), 175–185. https://doi.org/10.21787/jbp.08.2016.175-185
- Ebi, K. L., Boyer, C., Bowen, K. J., Frumkin, H., & Hess, J. (2018). Monitoring and Evaluation Indicators for Climate Change-Related Health Impacts, Risks, Adaptation, and Resilience. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(9), 1943. https://doi.org/10.3390/IJERPH15091943
- Ebi, K. L., Hasegawa, T., Hayes, K., Monaghan, A., Paz, S., & Berry, P. (2018). Health Risks of Warming of 1.5 °C, 2 °C, and Higher, Above Pre-industrial Temperatures. Environmental Research Letters, 13(6), 063007. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/AAC4BD
- Ellis, J., Band, R., Kinsella, K., Cheetham-Blake, T., James, E., Ewings, S., & Rogers, A. (2020). Optimising and Profiling Pre-implementation Contexts to Create and Implement a Public Health Network Intervention for Tackling Loneliness. Implementation Science, 15(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-020-00997-x
- Gardiner, S. M. (2004). Ethics and Global Climate Change*. Ethics, 114(3), 555–600. https://doi.org/10.1086/382247
- Ghazy, H. K., & Fathy, D. M. (2023). Effect of Awareness Program Regarding Climate Change on Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of University Students. International Egyptian Journal of Nursing Sciences and Research, 3(2), 186–203. https://doi.org/10.21608/EJNSR.2023.277896
- Gunawati, D., & Rejekiningsih, T. (2020). Building Ecological Citizens Through the Implementation of Climate Village Programs as Climate Change Mitigation Effort. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Learning Innovation and Quality Education (ICLIQE 2019), 1124–1131. https://doi.org/10.2991/ASSEHR.K.200129.139
- Hatfield, J. L., Boote, K. J., Kimball, B. A., Ziska, L. H., Izaurralde, R. C., Ort, D., Thomson, A. M., & Wolfe, D. (2011). Climate Impacts on Agriculture: Implications for Crop Production. Agronomy Journal, 103(2), 351–370. https://doi.org/10.2134/AGRONJ2010.0303
- Herdiansyah, H., Ningrum, Z. B., Fitri, I. S., & Mulyawan, M. (2018). Adaptation Strategy of the Bajo Fishermen towards Climate Change. Jurnal Bina Praja, 10(2), 275–285. https://doi.org/10.21787/jbp.10.2018.275-285
- Inderberg, T. H., Eriksen, S. H., O’Brien, K. L., & Sygna, L. (Eds.). (2015). Climate Change Adaptation and Development: Transforming Paradigms and Practices. Routledge.
- Indouw, L., Maturbongs, R. A., & Prabawardani, S. (2022). Lesson Learned and Enhanced Adaptation Strategies for Isolated Indigenous Community in West Papua. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 989(1), 012004. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/989/1/012004
- IPCC. (2023). Summary for Policymakers. In Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis (pp. 3–32). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009157896.001
- Kartika, R. S. (2017). Local Government Readiness in Developing SIDa Roadmap in Banten, West Sumatera, and Bali. Jurnal Bina Praja, 9(1), 127–136. https://doi.org/10.21787/JBP.09.2017.127-136
- Koeswara, H. (2016). The Optimization of Budget Outcome to Create Trust in Public Expenditure Allocation on Local Budget. Jurnal Bina Praja, 8(2), 277–291. https://doi.org/10.21787/jbp.08.2016.277-291
- Kowalcyk, M., & Dorevitch, S. (2024). A Framework for Evaluating Local Adaptive Capacity to Health Impacts of Climate Change: Use of Kenya’s County-Level Integrated Development Plans. Annals of Global Health, 90(1). https://doi.org/10.5334/AOGH.4266
- Lam, S., Dodd, W., Nguyen-Viet, H., Unger, F., Le, T. T. H., Dang-Xuan, S., Skinner, K., Papadopoulos, A., & Harper, S. L. (2023). How Can Climate Change and Its Interaction With Other Compounding Risks Be Considered in Evaluation? Experiences From Vietnam. Evaluation, 29(2), 228–249. https://doi.org/10.1177/13563890231156954
- Lilford, R., Nepogodiev, D., Chilton, P. J., Watson, S. I., Erlangga, D., Diggle, P., Girling, A. J., & Sculpher, M. (2021). Methodological Issues in Economic Evaluations of Emergency Transport Systems in Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries. BMJ Global Health, 6(3), e004723. https://doi.org/10.1136/BMJGH-2020-004723
- Marí-Dell’Olmo, M., Oliveras, L., Vergara-Hernández, C., Artazcoz, L., Borrell, C., Gotsens, M., Palència, L., López, M. J., & Martinez-Beneito, M. A. (2022). Geographical Inequalities in Energy Poverty in a Mediterranean City: Using Small-Area Bayesian Spatial Models. Energy Reports, 8, 1249–1259. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EGYR.2021.12.025
- Martin, P. (2020). The Changing Climate of Development?: REDD+ in Papua New Guinea [PhD Doctorate, UNSW Sydney]. https://doi.org/10.26190/UNSWORKS/22251
- Mersmann, F., Wehnert, T., Göpel, M., Arens, S., & Ujj, O. (2014). Shifting Paradigms: Unpacking Transformation for Climate Action. Wuppertal Institute.
- Monticini, P. (2019). Breeding Marine Aquarium Fishes: Opportunity or Threat for the Local Fishing Community? Infofish International, 5, 32–36.
- Nurfindarti, E. (2019). Strategy and Roadmap for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals in Serang City. Jurnal Bina Praja, 11(2), 219–235. https://doi.org/10.21787/jbp.11.2019.219-235
- Nurhasan, M., Samsudin, Y. B., McCarthy, J. F., Napitupulu, L., Dewi, R., Hadihardjono, D. N., Rouw, A., Melati, K., Bellotti, W., Tanoto, R., Campbell, S. J., Ariesta, D. L., Setiawan, M. H., Khomsan, A. P., & Ickowitz, A. (2021). Linking Food, Nutrition and the Environment in Indonesia: A Perspective on Sustainable Food Systems. CIFOR. https://doi.org/10.17528/CIFOR/008070
- Rahayu, A. Y. S., Khafian, N., Rahmayanti, K. P., Anza, F. A., & Afra, S. A. (2022). Developing Depok’s Government Strategies for Strengthening the Public Services Using SWOT Analysis. Jurnal Bina Praja, 14(1), 175–187. https://doi.org/10.21787/JBP.14.2022.175-187
- Ramadhan, D. M., Fadullah, M., Komalasari, D., Fadila, A., Amaradani, M. S., & Imanta, L. D. (2024). Changing Waves: Maritime Community Cultural Responses to the Anthropocene in Tambak Lorok, Semarang. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1317(1), 012018. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1317/1/012018
- Ramandey, E., Supriyantono, A., Wurarah, R. N., & Rouw, A. (2023). Damage to the Mangrove Forest Ecosystem in Wosi Village Manokwari Regency West Papua Indonesia. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 7(3), 847–855. https://rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/articles/damage-to-the-mangrove-forest-ecosystem-in-wosi-village-manokwari-regency-west-papua-indonesia/
- Serrao-Neumann, S., Harman, B., Leitch, A., & Low Choy, D. (2015). Public Engagement and Climate Adaptation: Insights From Three Local Governments in Australia. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 58(7), 1196–1216. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2014.920306
- Smith, W. K. (2014). Dynamic Decision Making: A Model of Senior Leaders Managing Strategic Paradoxes. Academy of Management Journal, 57(6), 1592–1623. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2011.0932
- Sporchia, F., Marchi, M., Nocentini, E., Marchettini, N., & Pulselli, F. M. (2023). Sub-National Scale Initiatives for Climate Change Mitigation: Refining the Approach to Increase the Effectiveness of the Covenant of Mayors. Sustainability, 15(1), 125. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU15010125/S1
- Sulista. (2019). The Sustainability of Livelihoods of Villages around the Tin Mine in Bangka Islands. Jurnal Bina Praja, 11(1), 43–52. https://doi.org/10.21787/JBP.11.2019.43-52
- Suparman, S., Muzakir, M., Wahyuningsih, W., & Tallesang, M. (2021). Economic Growth, Income Inequality, and Poverty in Central Sulawesi. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), 4(4), 14117–14125. https://doi.org/10.33258/BIRCI.V4I4.3515
- Suwarto, & Nasrullah. (2011). Genotype × Environment Interaction for Iron Concentration of Rice in Central Java of Indonesia. In Rice Science (Vol. 18, Issue 1).
- Torres-Bejarano, F. M., Torregroza-Espinosa, A. C., Martínez-Mera, E., Castañeda-Valbuena, D., & Tejera-González, M. P. (2020). Hydrodynamics and Water Quality Assessment of a Coastal Lagoon Using Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code Explorer Modeling System. Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management, 6(3), 289–308. https://doi.org/10.22034/GJESM.2020.03.02
- Tuturop, A., Nugroho, J. D., & Warawarin, A. (2022). Agroforestry and Climate Smart Agriculture to Improve Food Security and Resilience Indigenous People in Teluk Patipi District Fakfak Regency West Papua Province. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 989(1), 012005. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/989/1/012005
- Wang, Z., & Zhao, Y. (2021). Energy Strategy for Sustainable Development of Rural Areas Based on the Analysis of Sustainable Digital Economy. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 788026. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYG.2021.788026
- Wargadinata, E., Aly, E. S., & Alma’arif, A. (2022). Evaluation of Jakarta Province in Information and Technology Management. Jurnal Bina Praja, 14(3), 453–464. https://doi.org/10.21787/jbp.14.2022.453-464
- Wehantouw, F., Karuniasa, M., Wurarah, R. N., Tuharea, A., Maharani, C., Shalilah, H., & Agung Pambudi, P. (2021). Low Carbon Energy Model in West Papua. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 716(1), 012015. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/716/1/012015
- Wirawan, S. M. S., Maarif, M. S., Riani, E., & Anwar, S. (2018). Analysis of the Institutions Role in Sustainable Domestic Wastewater Management in Jakarta. Jurnal Bina Praja, 10(2), 303–315. https://doi.org/10.21787/jbp.10.2018.303-315
- Wurarah, R. N., Karuniasa, M., Wehantouw, F., Tuharea, A., & Muhsin, M. (2021). Towards an Eco-Industrial Development in West Papua Economy. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 716(1), 012104. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/716/1/012104
- Zennaro, F., Furlan, E., Simeoni, C., Torresan, S., Aslan, S., Critto, A., & Marcomini, A. (2021). Exploring Machine Learning Potential for Climate Change Risk Assessment. Earth-Science Reviews, 220, 103752. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EARSCIREV.2021.103752
- Zukmadini, A. Y., Rohman, F., Dharmawan, A., Sari, M. S., Rochman, S., & Razak, S. A. (2024). Potential Biodiversity from Ethnozoology of Enggano Island: Utilization, Quantitative Analysis, List of Animals Conserved by Local People, and Application of Research Findings Empowering Species Literacy in Biology Student Teachers. Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology, 9(2), 463–496. https://doi.org/10.17509/IJOST.V9I2.71581
Hak Cipta & Lisensi Akses Terbuka
Hak Cipta (c) 2024 Penulis. Artikel ini dilisensikan di bawah CC Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0.