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Dampak Dana Alokasi Khusus Pertanian terhadap Ketahanan Pangan di Indonesia
- Tanggal Terbit & Halaman
- 30 Agustus 2024 · Hlm. 251-260
- Riwayat Naskah
- Diterima16 Jul 2024 Terbit30 Agu 2024
1.928 Dilihat 1.144 Diunduh
Abstrak
Indeks Ketahanan Pangan Indonesia mengalami penurunan pada kategori ketersediaan pangan tahun 2022 yang dipengaruhi oleh produksi pangan. Upaya pemerintah dalam mewujudkan ketahanan pangan dengan DAK Ketahanan Pangan Nonfisik dan Pertanian merupakan salah satu bentuk transfer dana ke daerah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode robust fixed effects panel data untuk mengetahui pengaruh DAK Fisik Pertanian dan DAK Nonfisik Ketahanan Pangan dan Pertanian terhadap ketahanan pangan. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa IKP dan realisasi DAK Fisik Pertanian dan DAK Nonfisik Ketahanan Pangan dan Pertanian tahun 2021 – 2023. Unit analisis yang digunakan adalah kabupaten/kota di Indonesia. Variabel dependen yaitu indeks ketahanan pangan dan variabel independen yaitu DAK Ketahanan Pangan dan Pertanian digunakan dengan mempertimbangkan faktor belanja pemerintah, PDRB per kapita, produksi padi, dan jumlah penduduk. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa DAK Fisik memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap ketahanan pangan. Sedangkan DAK Nonfisik Ketahanan Pangan dan Pertanian tidak signifikan terhadap ketahanan pangan. Variabel kontrol belanja daerah mempunyai hubungan positif signifikan dengan ketahanan pangan dan jumlah penduduk, yang mempunyai hubungan negatif signifikan dengan ketahanan pangan. Adanya anggaran DAK Nonfisik Ketahanan Pangan dan Pertanian yang terlalu rendah dan sebagai dana pelengkap menyebabkan belum optimalnya capaian DAK Nonfisik Ketahanan Pangan dan Pertanian. Sehingga diharapkan ke depannya akan terjadi peningkatan porsi alokasi DAK Nonfisik Ketahanan Pangan dan Pertanian.
The Effect of Special Allocation Fund for Agriculture on Food Security in Indonesia
Indonesia's Food Security Index has decreased in the food availability category in 2022, influenced by food production. The government's efforts to achieve food security with DAK Non-Physical Food Security and Agriculture are a form of funds transfer to the regions. This study uses the robust fixed-effects panel data method to determine the effect of DAK Physical Agriculture and DAK Non-Physical Food Security and Agriculture on food security. The data used are secondary data from IKP and the realization of DAK Physical Agriculture and DAK Non-Physical Food Security and Agriculture from 2021 - 2023. The unit of analysis used is districts/cities in Indonesia. The dependent variable, the food security index, and the independent variable, DAK Food Security and Agriculture, are used to consider the factors of government spending, GRDP per capita, rice production, and population. The results of the analysis show that the Physical DAK has a significant influence on food security. At the same time, the Non-Physical DAK for Food Security and Agriculture is not significant for food security. The control variable of regional expenditure has a significant positive relationship with food security and population, which has a significant negative relationship with food security. The existence of a DAK Non-Physical Food Security and Agriculture budget that is too low and as a complementary fund causes not optimal outcomes from DAK Non-Physical Food Security and Agriculture. So, it is expected that in the future, there will be an increase in the portion of the allocation of DAK Non-Physical Food Security and Agriculture.
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