Intervensi Gizi oleh Pemerintah Daerah Sebagai Upaya untuk Mempercepat Pengurangan Stunting
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21787/jbp.13.2021.543-553Kata Kunci:
stunting, nutrition intervention, local governmentAbstrak
Masalah gizi atau stunting merupakan ancaman besar bagi kualitas masyarakat Indonesia karena mengganggu pertumbuhan fisik, perkembangan otak dan prestasinya. Dalam upaya menurunkan angka stunting di kota Palembang dikeluarkan kebijakan yang memuat arahan, strategi, program dan kegiatan intervensi gizi. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk mendeskripsikan faktor penyebab, program dan indikator intervensi gizi spesifik dan sensitif kemudian menganalisis peluang, ancaman, kekuatan dan kelemahan upaya penurunan stunting di Kota Palembang. Intervensi gizi khusus yang dilakukan oleh Dinas Kesehatan adalah mendorong inisiasi menyusui dini, pemberian ASI eksklusif, pemberian tablet tambah darah pada ibu hamil dan mengatasi defisiensi zat besi dan asam folat pada ibu hamil. Sedangkan intervensi gizi sensitif yang dilakukan oleh sektor non kesehatan antara lain intervensi kesehatan lingkungan dan penanggulangan kemiskinan. Dalam upaya penurunan stunting di Kota Palembang, kelebihannya adalah pendataan stunting yang dilakukan secara nama per alamat dan inovasi program yang dijalankan di Puskesmas, meskipun kelemahannya adalah karena koordinasi dan sinergi program antar instansi terkait belum optimal. Rendahnya motivasi masyarakat dan kurangnya pengetahuan terkait pola pengasuhan anak menjadi tantangan tersendiri, namun komitmen pemerintah yang tertuang dalam kebijakan Peraturan Walikota tersebut menjadi dasar dan arah kebijakan dalam merancang target dan program pengurangan stunting untuk 5 tahun ke depan.Referensi
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