The Effect of Rural Development on Poverty Gap, Poverty Severity and Local Economic Growth in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21787/jbp.13.2021.369-381Kata Kunci:
rural development, poverty severity, the depth of poverty, economic growthAbstrak
Abstrak: Dampak pembangunan desa bagi pengurangan kesenjangan kemiskinan dan pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah masih belum banyak dianalisis secara mendalam. Studi ini menganalisis pengaruh dari status pembangunan desa menurut Indeks Desa Membangun (IDM) terhadap kemiskinan dan pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah. Secara spesifik, kemiskinan diukur menggunakan indeks kedalaman kemiskinan (Poverty Gap Indeks-P1) dan keparahan kemiskinan (Poverty Severity Index-P2) dengan menggunakan data aggregate di tingkat kabupaten/kota. Upaya mengurangi kedalaman dan keparahan kemiskinan suatu daerah dapat dimulai dari peningkatan aktivitas pembangunan ekonomi di tingkat desa. Hasil analisis dalam studi ini menunjukkan bahwa wilayah kabupaten yang secara agregate memiliki desa dengan status IDM mandiri dan maju berpotensi untuk mengurangi kedalaman dan keparahan kemiskinan dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonominya. Sedangkan wilayah kabupaten dengan status IDM tertinggal dan sangat tertinggal menunjukkan semakin besarnya kedalaman dan keparahan kemiskinan. Implikasinya, pemerintah Indonesia harus melaksanakan percepatan peningkatan pembangunan desa dengan memperbaiki status IDM yang masih tertinggal dan sangat tertinggal. Dengan peningkatan indikator-indikator pembentuk IDM maka pembangunan desa akan semakin baik dan memicu peningkatan aktivitas ekonomi dan peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat desa.Kata kunci: Pembangunan Desa, Kedalaman dan Keparahan Kemiskinan, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi
Klasifikasi JEL: I31,O18 , D63, O40
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