DIALEKTIKA DEMOKRASI DALAM BINGKAI POLITIK PRIMORDIALISME PILKADA

Momentum pemilihan kepala daerah sulit dilepaskan dari politik primordialisme dalam bentuk kebudayaan lokal suatu daerah. Faktor etnisitas, kesukuan, agama hingga praktik dan ritual budaya memiliki pengaruh besar terhadap substansi penyelenggaraan pilkada. Artikel ini menuliskan praktik politik primordialisme sebagai bagian dari demokrasi lokal dalam wujud praktik adat Kedde di Sumba Barat dan Budaya Ata (hamba)/Maramba(Tuan). Sebuah praktik kebudayaan yang berdampak dalam pilkada. Budaya Kedde sebagai ruang bagi politisi menjaring dukungan elektoral dan Budaya Ata/Maramba yang mengancam hak dan partisipasi politik akibat relasi patron-klien yang ekstrem karena melingkupi segala segi kehidupan khususnya politik pilkada. Dengan realita tersebut demokrasi lokal dalam pilkada semakin mereduksi nilai-nilai demokrasi yang dikemukakan David Beetham yakni kontrol publik dan kesetaraan politik. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuka cakrawala demokrasi lokal dalam konteks pilkada dan diharapkan mampu memberi kontribusi terhadap evaluasi penyelenggaraan pilkada.

The momentum of local elections is difficult to separate from primordial politics in the form of local culture in a region. The factors of ethnicity, ethnicity, religion, and cultural practices and rituals have a significant influence on the substance of holding local elections. This article discusses primordial political methods as part of local democracy in traditional Kedde techniques in West Sumba and the Ata (servant)/Maramba (Tuan) culture. A cultural technique has an impact on local elections. The Kedde culture is a space for politicians to gain electoral support. The Ata/Maramba culture threatens political rights and participation due to extreme patron-client relations because it covers all aspects of life, especially local elections of politics. With this reality, local democracy in the regional elections has further reduced the democratic values ​​put forward by David Beetham, namely public control and political equality. This research aims to open the horizons of local democracy in the context of local elections and is expected to contribute to the evaluation of the implementation of local elections. This research shows that aspects of local traditions and culture and the Ata/Maramba tradition are actually used as a means of gaining electoral support, which in reality is contrary to liberal-style democracy. So, it is suggested to change the format of asymmetric local elections based on socio-cultural which can prevent potential violations.