Beralih ke bagian utama
Artikel Riset Asli Akses Terbuka Terakreditasi SINTA 2

Penguatan Konvergensi Teritorial dalam Program 3 Juta Rumah di Indonesia melalui Pendekatan Tata Kelola Hibrida-Integratif

Penulis

  • Azharisman Rozie
  • Selvi Diana Meilinda * Penulis korespondensi
  • Dwi Agus Sumarno
  • Hendayana
  • Nurhadi
DOI
10.21787/jbp.18.2026.3079
Tanggal Terbit & Halaman
31 Agustus 2026 · Hlm. 451-464
Riwayat Naskah
Diterima16 Mar 2026 Terbit31 Agu 2026
Lisensi
CC Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
Baca PDF 1.012 KB Kutip

0 Dilihat 0 Diunduh

Abstrak

Studi kasus kualitatif multilokasi ini mengkaji tata kelola subnasional Program 3 Juta Rumah di Lampung, Riau, dan Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian ini menjawab dua pertanyaan: (1) kesulitan tata kelola struktural apa yang mencirikan penyelenggaraan program subnasional, dan (2) bagaimana model tata kelola hibrida-integratif dapat memperkuat peran pemerintah daerah dengan tetap mempertahankan kepemimpinan pemerintah pusat. Hasil wawancara lintas lokasi, analisis dokumen, dan pengodean tematik komparatif menunjukkan bahwa penyelenggaraan program terfragmentasi oleh alur program paralel, terbatasnya kewenangan strategis daerah dalam penentuan sasaran dan pengurutan, keterbatasan fiskal yang persisten, serta data penerima manfaat yang tidak konsisten. Koeksistensi pendekatan aspiratif dan teknokratis dalam penentuan sasaran tampaknya menghambat konvergensi teritorial dan menimbulkan kesenjangan akuntabilitas, karena pemerintah daerah dimintai pertanggungjawaban atas hasil tanpa memiliki kendali atas instrumen penyelenggaraan utama. Artikel ini mengusulkan model tata kelola hibrida-integratif yang tetap menempatkan Kementerian Perumahan dan Kawasan Permukiman sebagai pemegang arahan pusat dan Kementerian Dalam Negeri sebagai pengawas dan koordinator, sementara pemerintah daerah diposisikan ulang sebagai integrator teritorial dengan intervensi terbatas (light-touch). Empat mekanisme diusulkan untuk mengoperasionalkan konvergensi: gerbang validasi lokal wajib untuk menyelaraskan daftar penerima manfaat, satu basis data perumahan daerah yang interoperabel, forum konvergensi perumahan daerah untuk sinkronisasi spasial dan pengurutan, serta penganggaran pemicu (trigger budgeting) yang memanfaatkan sumber daya daerah yang terbatas untuk membuka pembiayaan pusat dan swasta yang lebih besar. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa antarmuka kelembagaan yang sederhana dapat meningkatkan konsistensi penentuan sasaran, koordinasi, dan akuntabilitas dalam program berpanduan nasional tanpa merestrukturisasi arsitektur keuangan yang mendasarinya. Studi ini memperkaya diskursus tata kelola multitingkat dan integrasi kebijakan.

Kata Kunci:

Baca Naskah Lengkap

Isi lengkap artikel ini tersedia dalam format PDF. Versi resmi yang diterbitkan pada Vol 18 No 2 (2026).

Buka PDF

Daftar Pustaka

45 rujukan
  1. Alexandri, G., & Janoschka, M. (2025). Local Housing Policies and Corporate Social Financial Logics: Insights from the Financialization of Housing in Barcelona. Housing, Theory and Society, 42(1), 41–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/14036096.2024.2328633
  2. Ansell, C., & Gash, A. (2008). Collaborative Governance in Theory and Practice. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 18(4), 543–571. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mum032
  3. Bache, I., & Flinders, M. (2004). Themes and Issues in Multi-level Governance. In I. Bache & M. Flinders (Eds.), Multi-level Governance (pp. 1–12). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/0199259259.003.0001
  4. Batista, A. P., Cruz, C. F. da, Ohayon, P., Santos, O. M. dos, & Bartoluzzio, A. I. S. de S. (2024). Articulando Perspectivas Teóricas e Metodológicas Aplicáveis à Resiliência Financeira Governamental [Articulating Theoretical and Methodological Perspectives Applicable to Governmental Financial Resilience]. Contabilidade Gestão e Governança, 27(1), 60–93. https://doi.org/10.51341/cgg.v27i1.3133
  5. Biesbroek, R., Wright, S. J., Eguren, S. K., Bonotto, A., & Athanasiadis, I. N. (2022). Policy Attention to Climate Change Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: A Global Assessment of National Communications (1994–2019). Climate Policy, 22(1), 97–111. https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2021.2018986
  6. Bouckaert, G., Peters, B. G., & Verhoest, K. (2010). The Coordination of Public Sector Organizations: Shifting Patterns of Public Management. Palgrave Macmillan UK. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230275256
  7. Bovens, M. (2007). Analysing and Assessing Accountability: A Conceptual Framework. European Law Journal, 13(4), 447–468. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0386.2007.00378.x
  8. Candel, J. J. L. (2021). The Expediency of Policy Integration. Policy Studies, 42(4), 346–361. https://doi.org/10.1080/01442872.2019.1634191
  9. Candel, J. J. L., & Biesbroek, R. (2016). Toward a Processual Understanding of Policy Integration. Policy Sciences, 49(3), 211–231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11077-016-9248-y
  10. Chand, S. P. (2025). Methods of Data Collection in Qualitative Research: Interviews, Focus Groups, Observations, and Document Analysis. Advances in Educational Research and Evaluation, 6(1), 303–317. https://doi.org/10.25082/AERE.2025.01.001
  11. Chapple, K., Loukaitou-Sideris, A., Miller, A., & Zeger, C. (2023). The Role of Local Housing Policies in Preventing Displacement: A Literature Review. Journal of Planning Literature, 38(2), 200–214. https://doi.org/10.1177/08854122221137859
  12. Christensen, C. M. (1997). The Innovator’s Dilemma: When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail. Harvard Business School Press.
  13. Dorado-Rubín, M. J., Guerrero-Mayo, M. J., & Navarro-Yáñez, C. J. (2025). Policy Integration in Urban Policies As Multi-level Policy Mixes. Policy Sciences, 58(1), 45–67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11077-024-09562-5
  14. Eaton, K., Faguet, J.-P., Harbers, I., Schakel, A. H., Hooghe, L., Marks, G., Niedzwiecki, S., Osterkatz, S. C., & Shair-Rosenfield, S. (2019). Measuring and Theorizing Regional Governance. Territory, Politics, Governance, 7(2), 265–283. https://doi.org/10.1080/21622671.2018.1445021
  15. Flyvbjerg, B. (2006). Five Misunderstandings About Case-Study Research. Qualitative Inquiry, 12(2), 219–245. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800405284363
  16. Goodall, Z., Stone, W., & Cook, K. (2024). Housing Policy and Non-commercial Shared Housing in the Private Rental Sector: A Scoping Review. Housing Studies, 39(11), 2919–2937. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2023.2238633
  17. Head, B. W. (2023). Wicked Problems in Public Policy. In Encyclopedia of Public Policy (pp. 1–8). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90434-0_43-1
  18. Hill, M., & Hupe, P. (2014). Implementing Public Policy: An Introduction to the Study of Operational Governance. Sage Publications.
  19. Hooghe, L., & Marks, G. (2003). Unraveling the Central State, but How? Types of Multi-level Governance. American Political Science Review, 97(02). https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055403000649
  20. Howlett, M. (2020). Policy Instruments: Definitions and Approaches. In G. Capano & M. Howlett (Eds.), A Modern Guide to Public Policy (pp. 165–177). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781789904987.00019
  21. Howlett, M., & Cashore, B. (2020). Public Policy: Definitions and Approaches. In G. Capano & M. Howlett (Eds.), A Modern Guide to Public Policy (pp. 10–21). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781789904987.00007
  22. Howlett, M., Ramesh, M., & Perl, A. (2009). Studying Public Policy: Policy Cycles & Policy Subsystems. Oxford University Press.
  23. Howlett, M., & Rayner, J. (2007). Design Principles for Policy Mixes: Cohesion and Coherence in ‘New Governance Arrangements.’ Policy and Society, 26(4), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1449-4035(07)70118-2
  24. Howlett, M., & Rayner, J. (2013). Patching vs Packaging in Policy Formulation: Assessing Policy Portfolio Design. Politics and Governance, 1(2), 170–182. https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v1i2.95
  25. Ji, Y. (2024). A Methodological Exploration of Document Analysis as a Qualitative Research Method. Korean Association for Qualitative Inquiry, 10(3), 25–56. https://doi.org/10.30940/JQI.2024.10.3.25
  26. Kimhur, B. (2020). How to Apply the Capability Approach to Housing Policy? Concepts, Theories and Challenges. Housing, Theory and Society, 37(3), 257–277. https://doi.org/10.1080/14036096.2019.1706630
  27. Lennartz, C., & Ronald, R. (2017). Asset-based Welfare and Social Investment: Competing, Compatible, or Complementary Social Policy Strategies for the New Welfare State? Housing, Theory and Society, 34(2), 201–220. https://doi.org/10.1080/14036096.2016.1220422
  28. Liu, J., & Ong, H. Y. (2021). Can Malaysia’s National Affordable Housing Policy Guarantee Housing Affordability of Low-Income Households? Sustainability, 13(16), 8841. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13168841
  29. Lowe, M., Bell, S., Briggs, J., McMillan, E., Morley, M., Grenfell, M., Sweeting, D., Whitten, A., & Jordan, N. (2024). A Research-Based, Practice-Relevant Urban Resilience Framework for Local Government. Local Environment, 29(7), 886–901. https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2024.2318571
  30. Maalsen, S., Dowling, R., McGuirk, P., Baker, T., & Goh, L. (2025). Prototyping as a Means to Innovate Affordable Housing Policies and Provision: An Empirical Illustration. Housing, Theory and Society, 42(5), 539–553. https://doi.org/10.1080/14036096.2025.2480133
  31. Paleo Mosquera, N., & Quintiá Pastrana, A. (2024). The Regionalisation of Housing Policies in Spain: An Analysis of Territorial Differences. Housing Studies, 39(7), 1763–1786. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2022.2146064
  32. Peters, B. G. (2007). The Meta-Governance of Policy Networks: Steering at a Distance, but Still Steering (78).
  33. Peters, B. G. (2018). The Challenge of Policy Coordination. Policy Design and Practice, 1(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/25741292.2018.1437946
  34. Peters, B. G. (2021). Public Policies: Coordination, Integration, Coherence, and Collaboration. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.164
  35. Piattoni, S. (2010). The Theory of Multi-level Governance. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199562923.001.0001
  36. Pierre, J., & Peters, B. G. (2020). Governance, Politics and the State. Bloomsbury Publishing.
  37. Provan, K. G., & Kenis, P. (2007). Modes of Network Governance: Structure, Management, and Effectiveness. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 18(2), 229–252. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mum015
  38. Rahmawati, D., & Rukmana, D. (2026). Urban Politics on Housing Policy Transformation in Indonesia: An Institutional Perspective. Housing Studies, 41(6), 1406–1426. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2025.2552404
  39. Shi, W., Chen, J., & Wang, H. (2016). Affordable Housing Policy in China: New Developments and New Challenges. Habitat International, 54, 224–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2015.11.020
  40. Tosun, J., & Lang, A. (2017). Policy Integration: Mapping the Different Concepts. Policy Studies, 38(6), 553–570. https://doi.org/10.1080/01442872.2017.1339239
  41. Trein, P., Biesbroek, R., Bolognesi, T., Cejudo, G. M., Duffy, R., Hustedt, T., & Meyer, I. (2021). Policy Coordination and Integration: A Research Agenda. Public Administration Review, 81(5), 973–977. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13180
  42. Trein, P., Meyer, I., & Maggetti, M. (2019). The Integration and Coordination of Public Policies: A Systematic Comparative Review. Journal of Comparative Policy Analysis: Research and Practice, 21(4), 332–349. https://doi.org/10.1080/13876988.2018.1496667
  43. Tummers, L., & Bekkers, V. (2014). Policy Implementation, Street-level Bureaucracy, and the Importance of Discretion. Public Management Review, 16(4), 527–547. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2013.841978
  44. Wetzstein, S. (2022). Toward Affordable Cities? Critically Exploring the Market-Based Housing Supply Policy Proposition. Housing Policy Debate, 32(3), 506–532. https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2021.1871932
  45. Zhang, J., Li, H., & Yang, K. (2022). Explaining Sustainability Innovation in City Governments: Innovation Mechanisms and Discretion Types in Multi-Level Governance. The American Review of Public Administration, 52(5), 366–381. https://doi.org/10.1177/02750740221090913

Hak Cipta & Lisensi Akses Terbuka

Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Penulis. Artikel ini dilisensikan di bawah CC Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0.