Vol. 13 No. 3 (2021)

The effect of rural development in reducing the poverty gap and economic growth has not been much analyzed in recent studies. This study examines the effects of rural development (as calculated by using the Village Development Index, VDI) on poverty and economic growth. Precisely, poverty is measured by the depth of poverty (as measured by Poverty Gap Index, P1) and poverty severity (as measured by Poverty Severity Index, P2) using the aggregate data at the district level in Indonesia. Understandably, many factors influence the effort to reduce the poverty gap in rural areas, and it can be started by improving rural economic development. The result of this study indicates that regions with the VDI categorized as “independent” and “developed” villages have the potential to reduce the depth of poverty and poverty severity in its areas and to increase economic growth. In contrast, underdeveloped and very underdeveloped regions in their VDI category experienced a more significant gap in the depth and severity of the poverty. This result implies that the Indonesian government must accelerate and improve the development of rural areas, especially in less developed regions. Thus, a better rural development status will attract more opportunities to grow rural economic activities and improve the community welfare.

Indonesia has a geographical, geological, hydrological, and demographic situation prone to disasters with a relatively high frequency, thus requiring systematic, integrated, and coordinated disaster management. The disasters that occurred until 2020 were dominated by hydro-meteorological natural disasters such as floods, landslides, hurricanes, droughts to forests, and land fires (BNPB, 2021). The purpose of this study is to identify innovation models for regional government services in disaster mitigation. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques, namely literature studies, FGDs, and interviews with related disaster mitigation innovations at the research location. The field findings illustrate that the SDIS innovation implemented by Sleman Regency is among the best innovations in handling volcanic eruptions. This innovation has been initiated since 2016 and continues to be refined. In the city of Semarang, specifically for flood disasters, the Early Warning System tool was installed at several points as the best innovation in flood management. However, difficulties were installing it at certain points due to geographical contours that were impossible. Meanwhile, for Sumedang Regency, their innovation through the SITABAH application still needs further development to become the best innovation in landslide mitigation due to limitations in infrastructure and human resources. In addition, the application is still one-way. Of the three disaster mitigation innovation models, the SDIS innovation is an innovation that has been successfully implemented by the Regional Disaster Management Agency of Sleman Regency. Especially on the "My distance and Merapi" feature, which can be accessed online, this innovation model can be replicated in other areas.

This study aims to describe the government's capability in waste management, problems, and alternative policies that can be made to overcome waste management problems in the city of Pekanbaru. This research uses a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods. Quantitative methods describe the government's capability in waste management by distributing questionnaires to lecturers, students, and alumni of the Environmental Science doctoral program at the University of Riau, environmental activists, and academics with master's degrees who know about waste issues in the city of Pekanbaru. Qualitative research methods describe issues and policy alternatives by relying on document data from various literature ranging from journals, books, and online media, which are then analyzed using interactive data analysis methods. The results of quantitative data analysis show that the majority of respondents stated that the indicators of the Pekanbaru city government's capability in managing waste transportation were the weakest technical and leadership skills. Furthermore, the results of qualitative data analysis show that the capacity factor and waste management issues can be overcome with several alternative policies. The problem of poor waste management can be overcome by using sustainable waste management, which needs to be supported by strong political will from the city government in making adequate regulations, updating waste management technology, utilizing information technology for waste transportation, and strengthening human resources. In addition, the government needs to involve the community and stakeholders to reduce waste production, collect waste, and sort waste. The support of the city government, entrepreneurs, and city residents will determine the success of sustainable waste management.

Innovation in government activities is more directed in public services, although innovation can emphasize processes, development, planning, policies, and other activities. This research discusses governance innovation from empirical evidence that applied innovation cannot provide maximum results. The cause, government innovation that is not realized, appears only as a ceremonial act in government activities. Qualitative method analysis describes experiences, perceptions, responses through facts found in the informant's experience. This study was conducted in the Population and Civil Registration Record Office of Southeast Aceh Regency, starting from September to November 2020. In-depth interviews conducted with informants of this research consisted of government or executive, legislative, related institution, and citizen. Our field findings use the technique of hermeneutics to interpret various views that we can learn to look at the subject from every angle of knowledge (public administration, management, politics, innovation, and technology). That innovation should be supported by policies that result from decision-making, manager expertise, developed through long-term evaluation, and innovation as the basis for the quality of government public services. Governance innovation focuses on innovative action through various government instruments that lead to the simplification of action towards quality public services. For this reason, government, innovation, and how to manage are modes that continue to exist in administrative reform in government institutions with governance innovation that influence each other.

Recently, Batik Tulis Lasem had several problems with a product, starting from input until the market process. Also, there is the problem of capital and technological capabilities from Batik Tulis Lasem industry, poverty, and social inequality of the craftsman. This article aims to examine the role of local government in improving creative industries, especially Batik Tulis Lasem. Further, this article was conducted by qualitative descriptive approach, particularly using the case study. In addition, the researchers collected data from semi-structured interviews with official local government and Batik Tulis Lasem entrepreneurs in the period covered 2018-2019. The results showed that local government has an important role in improving creative industries, firstly as a regulator, secondly as a facilitator, and thirdly to ensure the existence of Batik Tulis Lasem through empowerment. The problems in Batik Tulis Lasem are the regeneration of entrepreneurs, including batik craftsman, the lack of empowerment by local government, and the lack of information technology knowledge among the majority of Batik entrepreneurs. As an implication, the government should increase empowerment for the Batik Tulis Lasem industry through the regeneration program of batik craftsman and increase capacity for digital marketing.

Since 1946, Indonesia has adopted a decentralization policy that impacts the transfer of authority to regulate and administer government affairs in the regions, followed by financing to manage these affairs. In a unitary state, the power source, both in terms of financial management and administrative power, rests with the central government. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method to explain the history of the development of authority and financial balance policies in Indonesia and the meaning of decentralization policies in Indonesia. Quantitative descriptive was used to analyze data regarding the implementation of regional government affairs, personnel expenditure ratios, comparison of central and regional expenditures, and other data related to burdens and revenues between the center and the regions. This study found that the central government has recognized regional independence through income sources managed by themselves and reduced transfer funds that aim to cover the lack of regional revenues. The provision of sources of revenue from the central government to the regions is not proportional to the ratio of the burden given. The results of this study indicate that the load is inversely related to the budgetary capacity between the government and local governments. The imbalance between the workload and the source of revenue received by the region is the low ability of the region to provide basic services that are the authority.

This study aims to identify, map, and determine the critical elements of Village Fund management's constraints, needs, and actors using the Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) method. ISM is a modeling technique that explains the contextual relationship between elements based on expert opinion to provide a concrete picture of something in a visual map. The results of the study indicate that there are eleven elements of village funds management constraints. In addition, there are seven elements needed to improve the effectiveness of village funds management and eight aspects of DD management actors. Furthermore, based on the ISM analysis results, the main component of managing village funds is limited human resources. In addition, the results obtained that the main determining actors in increasing the effectiveness of village funds management are the Village Government and the Community Empowerment Service. Meanwhile, the critical strategy to improve the effectiveness of Village Fund management is strengthening regulations and policies and strengthening human resource capacity through training and mentoring. This study recommends improving regulations, especially synchronizing the management of village funds starting from the planning and accountability stages, starting from the central government to village governments to implement a strategy to strengthen regulations. Meanwhile, the synergy between the government, the private sector, village communities, and universities increases competence through training and managing village funds.

This study aims to find a strategy for economic recovery through the development of human resource competencies with international tourism standards to improve people's welfare and realize the vision of the Regent and Deputy Regent of Badung in 2021-2024, namely Continuing the Happiness of the Badung Community through Development based on Tri Hita Karana. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study on the competency development program at the Agency for Personnel and Human Resources Development of the Badung Regency Government. This study finds the importance of planning and implementing human resource competency development managed by professional training institutions to produce reliable and competitive human resources and ready to meet the needs of the tourism business community in the Badung area and outside the region, including especially ten new tourist destinations that announced by the central government. For the management of human resource competency development to achieve optimal results, the learning management will utilize an online learning system and a mix of online with face-to-face/practice (blended learning). Commitment and innovative leadership from the Regent and Deputy Regent of Badung, combined with the mapping of competency development priorities of strategic value, are expected to immediately restore the economic conditions experienced by the people in Badung Regency.

The outbreak of the COVID-19 virus has attacked all countries in the world and become a serious concern, also in Indonesia. Indonesia is trying to fight the spread of the COVID-19 disease with various forms of regulations issued, including the Government, Central Government, and District/City Governments. This policy was carried out to anticipate and prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus outbreak. The study aims to look at the policies that the Bogor City Government has implemented and empirically test the data on COVID-19 patients to determine the factors that can influence the death of COVID-19 patients. The results showed that almost all COVID-19 patients adhere to the health protocol set by the Bogor City Government, but COVID-19 patients who are elderly, male, and have comorbid disease have a high risk of dying.

One Roof System, as one of the administrative services in Banten Province, was created to accommodate the community's needs for good public services. The one roof system office is required to always improve its performance to achieve excellent service while at the same time providing satisfaction to the community. Based on this, the measurement of community satisfaction is something that the one roof system Office needs to do. This study aims to determine the quality of public services in 8 one roof system offices in Banten Province as measured by the Community Satisfaction Index (IKM) and analyze the quality of One Roof System services in Banten Province. This study used mixed-method research. Data were obtained through questionnaires, observation, and documentation. The sample was 240 people, which is determined by the quota sampling technique. The results showed that quantitatively, the quality of public services at 8 one roof system offices in Banten Province based on the Community Satisfaction Index reached 75.66, which qualitatively was categorized as good. Although it has been categorized as good, several elements need serious attention from the ten elements assessed, namely service time, service fees, officer behavior, complaint handling, and supporting elements. Improvements in service improvement are carried out by paying online taxes through the Samsat Banten Hebat (SAMBAT) application, but it was still not optimal, constrained by the quality of human resources and the creation of digital culture.

The regional expansion was carried out to facilitate access to public services. The implementation of regional expansion was initially carried out in defining territorial boundaries. In the demarcation of this territory, there are protests due to the lack of involvement of indigenous peoples. As residents of the original domicile, the indigenous peoples fight for their land ownership rights, which are involved in the regional expansion plan. It happened in the expansion of the Nagari Salareh Aia area, Palembayan District, Agam Regency. After the enactment of Regent Regulation No. 15 of 2017 regarding the preparation of Nagari guardians. There were many protests against the boundaries set by the government through these instruments. Researchers try to explore this phenomenon through social law by examining aspects of regional politics, in this case, the rights of indigenous peoples, social capital in conflict resolution, and an assessment of the impact of these two issues in resolving regional division conflicts. Through a set of studies and discussions, it was found that the government and the community must work together and make decisions that do not ignore regional wisdom. Through this synergy, it was hoped that regional expansion would be conducted appropriately, which can provide benefits to the community and regional government.

The use of information technology cannot be escaped from everyday life in society. In the context of improving the public sector, the government is required to improve performance, responsibility, and public trust and focus more on providing better services by revitalizing public administration by increasing transparency and prioritizing service quality. The Bureau of Personnel uses the “SIMPEG” application in the form of digitizing the public sector which is considered an extraordinary opportunity to create public value. This research is focused on the approach of the SIMPEG pre and post-mobile SSO. The method adopted by this study was mixed methods. The implementation of SIMPEG mobile SSO at the Ministry of Home Affairs has fulfilled the three aspects of the public values ​​stated by Moore, namely legitimacy and support, operational capabilities, and public value. However, based on the findings within the field, some things are still not appropriate. For example, there is still the use of paper-based administration, so that the mobile SSO service has not been optimized. Based on the dimensions of system quality, information quality, and service quality, SIMPEG based on web-based are categorized as quite sustainable, whereas after using SIMPEG mobile SSO application was classified as very sustainable. When viewed from the results of stress and RSQ values, it can be said that the results of the MDS in this study describe a good model and can represent the problems being discussed and conclude that only SIMPEG mobile SSO application is recommended for sustainability.

The literature regarding the correlation of central government spending on performance accountability and the benefits of BSC implementation on the government’s performance reporting practices are rarely discussed, especially in developing countries. Consequently, this paper aims to examine the effects of expenditure budget and BSC implementation on the Indonesian central government’s performance accountability. This research employs panel data analysis using secondary data from the central government’s assessment. The findings confirm that central government expenditure and BSC implementation significantly and positively affect performance accountability. Specifically, ministries/agencies working in financial services have higher performance accountability than ministries/agencies in politics, laws, and security affairs. Additionally, the results show that the better the education level of employees, the better performance accountability. By determining the factors that positively influence performance accountability, the central government can formulate specific policies to improve its performance.

Nutritional problems, known as stunting, are a major threat to the quality of Indonesian society that interferes with children's physical growth and brain development disorders that will affect their achievement. This study aims to analyze the nutrition intervention program and program achievements carried out by the Palembang City government. The research method used is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. This study uses secondary data from the Palembang City Health Office to measure the number of short toddlers taking measurements in the October 2021 period. This is continued by describing the achievements of the nutrition intervention program that has been carried out by the Palembang City government and analyzing the problems that exist in the stunting program in Palembang City using the SWOT method. This study found that specific nutrition interventions were carried out through health programs while sensitive nutrition interventions were carried out through environmental programs. In an effort to reduce stunting in the city of Palembang, the strengths are stunting data collected by name by address and program innovations run at health centers. However, the weakness is that there is not optimal coordination and program synergy between related agencies. Low community motivation and lack of knowledge related to child-rearing patterns are a challenge, but the Palembang City government's commitment, as stated in the Mayor's Regulation policy, becomes the basis and direction of policy in designing stunting reduction and programs for the next five years.

The pendulum direction of development which initially only leans in the city is now directed to rural areas. Affirmation of government policies to villages is evidenced by the distribution of Village Funds since 2015. This study aims to find out how the implementation of village fund management in village development is through the role of village governments with an approach to rights of origin and local authority on a village scale. This study uses an explanatory approach by combining a case study design with a comparative study, which focuses on conducting an in-depth study on the role of village government in village development in Sirnagalih Village, Cipongkor District, West Bandung Regency. Data sources include the Village Head, Village Apparatus, Regional Personnel, and Training Agency, Village Community Institutions and Village Traditional Institutions, Community Leaders, Head of Subdistrict and Echelon Officials in the subdistrict, Head of Regency Village Community Empowerment Service and Echelon Officials at the Village Community Empowerment Service, as well as elements of the Community. The data analysis method used was qualitative analysis. The analysis results show that village development has a very strategic role in spurring regional development. It happens because it contains elements of equitable distribution of development and its results and directly touches the interests of the majority of the people who live in rural areas. It was found that village development programs and activities responsive to Community need to have resulted in high community participation. Therefore, the optimization of development implementation is influenced by community participation activities in implementing and preserving development results. For this reason, the main solution that needs to be given to the problem of managing Village Funds in Village development is the application of policy affirmations in the management of Village Funds.