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Original Research Article Open Access SINTA 2 Accredited

Examining Flypaper Effect in Indonesia

Evidence After Transferring Urban-Rural Land and Building Tax to Locals Government

DOI
10.21787/jbp.14.2022.465-478
Published & Pages
26 December 2022 · pp. 465-478
Manuscript History
Received28 Jul 2022 Accepted9 Nov 2022 Published26 Dec 2022

1,857 Views 1,538 Downloads

Abstract

In order to increase the tax power of local governments, the central government implemented a major reform in 2010 by transferring the Urban-Country Land and Buildings Tax (PBB-P2) to local governments. Although the tax contributes a significant portion of local government revenues, the spending behavior of local governments is questionable, and it is unclear whether public spending has been increased. This study examines the effect of strengthening PBB-P2 policy on increasing local revenue (PAD) and its impact on regional spending patterns, specifically whether there are still flypapers after policy reform. Applying a fixed-effects panel data method to Indonesian local governments from 2005 to 2020, we found that strengthening PBB-P2 policy had a significant positive impact on PAD. The positive effect was found to be significant one year (year +1) after policy implementation in each region, including for the province, district, and city, with the issuance of regional ordinances related to PBB-P2. Interestingly, the significant increase in PAD impacted regional spending patterns. Thus, the flypaper effect phenomenon did not exist from 2005 to 2020. This implies that the central government can selectively empower local governments to levy appropriate local taxes and user fees. This can be done by providing new local tax sources, restructuring tax types, simplifying usage fee types, and harmonizing regional government regulations with the central government.

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