E-Government and Digital Transformation Toward a World-Class Bureaucracy in Bali Provincial HR Agency

Digital transformation through e-government policy has become a strategic agenda of the Indonesian government in realizing effective, efficient, transparent, and accountable governance. One form of e-government implementation in the personnel sector is the utilization of the Personnel Management Information System (SIMPEG) developed by the Bali Province Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency (BKPSDM/HR). Although it has been implemented systematically, the implementation of SIMPEG still faces various challenges, especially related to system integration, data updating, and human resource readiness. This study aims to analyze the implementation of e-government policy through SIMPEG in BKPSDM Bali Province, as well as to identify supporting and inhibiting factors in its implementation. The study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques in the form of observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. Research informants were determined purposively, including the leaders and main managers of SIMPEG. Data analysis was carried out using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña model through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that the implementation of e-government through SIMPEG has been running with the support of regulations, infrastructure, and strong leadership commitment, but is still at the interaction and transaction stage and has not achieved integrated digital bureaucratic transformation. The main problems encountered include fragmented system governance, limited interoperability with the central personnel system, the digital literacy gap among civil servants, and resistance to changes in work culture. These findings confirm that the success of e-government is determined not only by technological readiness, but also by organizational and human resource factors. This research provides conceptual and practical contributions in strengthening e-government implementation in the public sector, particularly in encouraging data-driven and sustainable digital transformation of personnel.

Transformasi digital melalui kebijakan e-government telah menjadi agenda strategis pemerintah Indonesia dalam mewujudkan tata kelola pemerintahan yang efektif, efisien, transparan, dan akuntabel. Salah satu bentuk implementasi e-government di sektor kepegawaian adalah pemanfaatan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Kepegawaian (SIMPEG) yang dikembangkan oleh Badan Kepegawaian dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Provinsi Bali (BKPSDM). Meskipun telah diterapkan secara sistematis, implementasi SIMPEG masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan, terutama terkait integrasi sistem, pembaruan data, dan kesiapan sumber daya manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi kebijakan e-government melalui SIMPEG di BKPSDM Provinsi Bali, serta mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam pelaksanaannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan studi dokumentasi. Informan penelitian ditentukan secara purposif, termasuk para pemimpin dan manajer utama SIMPEG. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan model Miles, Huberman, dan Saldaña melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi e-government melalui SIMPEG telah berjalan dengan dukungan regulasi, infrastruktur, dan komitmen kepemimpinan yang kuat, namun masih berada pada tahap interaksi dan transaksi serta belum mencapai transformasi birokrasi digital yang terintegrasi. Masalah utama yang dihadapi meliputi tata kelola sistem yang terfragmentasi, keterbatasan interoperabilitas dengan sistem kepegawaian pusat, kesenjangan literasi digital di kalangan pegawai negeri sipil, serta resistensi terhadap perubahan budaya kerja. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa keberhasilan e-government tidak hanya ditentukan oleh kesiapan teknologi, tetapi juga oleh faktor organisasi dan sumber daya manusia. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi konseptual dan praktis dalam memperkuat implementasi e-government di sektor publik, khususnya dalam mendorong transformasi digital yang berbasis data dan berkelanjutan di bidang kepegawaian.